基于中药特色技术传承概述广东芸香科道地药材  

Overview of Guangdong Famous Region Drugs of Rutaceae Based on the Inheritance of Traditional Chinese Medicine Technology

作　　者：魏悦[1] WEI Yue(Department of Pharmacy,Tianjin Children’s Hospital,Tianjin 300134,China)

机构地区：[1]天津市儿童医院药剂科,天津300134

出　　处：《中国中医药现代远程教育》2024年第9期160-162,共3页Chinese Medicine Modern Distance Education of China

基　　金：国家中医药管理局全国中药特色技术传承人才项目【No.T20194828003】。

摘　　要：基于中药传统特色技术,文章通过现场观摩调研与文献检索,概述在十大广药中占有1/3的芸香科药物的药用历史、产地采收加工、性状鉴别特点。芸香科药物多含挥发油,具有芳香气,大部分具有宽中理气的功效,临床应用广泛。据考证,柚类橘红始自清代,此前使用橘类橘红;广陈皮主产区在新会地区,也称新会陈皮,药用时间至今约有600年;广佛手以肇庆高要地区产量多且质优,“佛手柑”的记载最早见于元朝。化橘红的传统加工方法是将化州柚的外层果皮切成角状,加工成7角的毛橘红药材,称为“毛七爪”;新会陈皮需在新会地区内陈化三年,方可称为“新会陈皮”。化橘红鉴别特点为表面密被柔软毡状细绒毛,有油点,气清香;新会陈皮“鬃眼”明显,对光照视呈半透明状,香气浓郁。广佛手切面的外皮呈黄色,肉呈白色,俗称“金边白肉”。文章基于中药传统理论、技术对广东地区芸香科道地药材进行概述,以期守正创新,使中药的传统特色技术得到传承发展。Based on the characteristic technology of traditional Chinese medicine,this paper summarized the medicinal history,origin harvesting and processing,and drug trait identification characteristics of one-third of the top ten general medicine through field observation and literature retrieval.Rutaceae herbs contain volatile oils,aromatic gas,most have the effect of wide middle and regulate qi,widely used in clinical.Grapefruit orange exocarpium citri grandis began in the Qing Dynasty,and orange exocarpium citri grandis was used before.Guangdong tangerine peel mainly produced in Xinhui area,its medicinal time for about 600 years.Guangdong fructus citri sarcodactylis has a large yield and high quality in Gaoyao area of Zhaoqing,and the record of it was first seen in the Yuan Dynasty.The traditional processing method of exocarpium citri grandis is to cut the outer fruit peel of Huazhou pomelo into corners,processed it into 7 horns,called seven claw hair.Tangerine peel should be aged in Xinhui area for three years before being called Xinhui tangerine peel.The identification characteristics of exocarpium citri grandis are that the surface is densely covered with soft felt-like fine fluff,with oil spots and fragrant air.Xinhui tangerine peel has obvious mane eyes,which is translucent to light and has a strong aroma.The skin of the section of Guangzhou fructus citri sarcodactylis is yellow and the meat is white,commonly known as white meat in Phnom Penh.Based on the traditional theory and technology of Chinese medicine,this paper gives a simple overview of the Rutaceae herbs in Guangdong,in order to inherit,develop and innovate the traditional characteristic technology of traditional Chinese medicine.

关 键 词：芸香科药物 广东 道地药材 化橘红 广陈皮 广佛手 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]