中青年经皮冠状动脉介入治疗术后患者饮食行为改变影响因素的质性研究  

Factors influencing dietary behaviors change of young and middle-aged patients after percutaneous coronary intervention:a qualitative study

作　　者：李跃丽 赵霞[2] 刘马超[2] 岳鹏[1] Li Yueli;Zhao Xia;Liu Machao;Yue Peng(School of Nursing,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China;Department of Cardiology,Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University,Beijing 100053,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学护理学院,北京京100069 [2]首都医科大学宣武医院心脏内科,北京100053

出　　处：《中国实用护理杂志》2024年第7期532-539,共8页Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing

摘　　要：目的从家庭系统的视角探讨中青年经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后患者饮食行为改变的影响因素,为患者的居家饮食干预提供依据。方法采用现象学研究方法,通过目的性抽样法于2022年5—10月对首都医科大学宣武医院心脏内科32例中青年PCI患者及其家属进行半结构式深入访谈,运用Colaizzi 7步分析法分析资料。结果32例被访谈者中,男17例,女15例,年龄为22~61岁。提炼出中青年PCI术后患者饮食行为改变促进因素和障碍因素2个主题。促进因素包含6个子主题:行为自主性、适应性改变、小型家庭规模、家庭责任动机、家庭内部资源和家庭外部资源;障碍因素因素包含5个子主题:习得性不良习惯、特殊体质状况、营养素养缺乏、饮食环境被动和经济水平受限。结论中青年PCI患者术后的饮食行为改变受家庭内个体和家庭因素影响,医护人员应建立以家庭为中心的饮食管理模式,整合家庭资源的优势,给予患者有针对性的个体化营养干预。Objective To explore the influencing factors of dietary behavior change of young and middle-aged patients after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI)from the perspective of the family system,so as to provide the basis for home dietary intervention of patients.Methods Using the phenomenological research method,32 young and middle-aged PCI patients and their family members from Department of Cardiology,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University were interviewed in a semi-structured in-depth way by purposive sampling method from May to October 2022,and the data were analyzed by Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results Among the 32 surveyed individuals,there were 17 males and 15 females,aged 22-61 years old.Two themes of dietary behavior change facilitators and barriers of young and middle-aged patients after PCI were extracted.The facilitators included six subthemes:behavioral autonomy,adaptive change,small family size,motivation for family responsibility,internal family resources,and external family resources.The barriers included five subthemes:bad learned habits,special physical conditions,lack of nutritional literacy,passive dietary environment,and limited economic level.Conclusions Dietary behavior changes in young and middle-aged patients after PCI were affected by individual and family factors in the family.Medical staff should establish a family-centered dietary management model and integrate the advantages of family resources to give patients targeted individualized nutrition intervention.

关 键 词：定性研究 中青年 经皮冠状动脉介入治疗 饮食行为 家庭系统 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]