齿轮齿条复合曲柄连杆机构的长冲程往复泵仿真及分析  

Simulation and analysis of long-stroke reciprocating pump with rack-andpinion combined crank connecting rod mechanism

作　　者：黄启钺 侯勇俊[1] 蒋锐 HUANG Qiyue;HOU Yongjun;JIANG Rui(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500;BOMCO Sichuan Special Vehicle Co.,Ltd.,Guanghan 618300)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院,四川成都610500 [2]四川宝石机械专用车有限公司,四川广汉618300

出　　处：《机械设计》2024年第2期15-21,共7页Journal of Machine Design

基　　金：四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2020YFG0260)。

摘　　要：曲柄连杆往复泵在石油钻采行业中应用广泛,但因为冲程短、冲次高、易损件寿命短等缺陷,限制了其进一步发展。文中针对上述缺陷提出了一种基于齿轮齿条和曲柄连杆的复合机构,将传统往复泵中的十字头结构替换为直齿圆柱齿轮,配合固定的上齿条和移动的下齿条,实现了活塞的长冲程往复运动。建立了活塞的运动方程,使用该复合机构的三缸往复泵动力学仿真模型,探究了在负载下活塞的运动特性和齿轮齿条的动力学特性,并对齿轮进行了疲劳分析。结果表明:新型往复泵活塞冲程比相同曲柄半径的传统往复泵增大了1倍,流量脉动率不会增大但脉动频率降低1倍,有效减少泵阀的开关次数,能较大地延长易损件的使用寿命;齿轮的疲劳寿命可以达到13000 h以上。研究结果证明了该复合机构的可行性,为后续产品的开发提供了理论支持。Although the reciprocating pump with the crank connecting rod is widely used in various fields,especially in the oil-drilling industry,such defects as short stroke,high speed and short life of wearing parts restrict its further development.In this article,in order to address these defects,a composite mechanism based on the rack-and-pinion and crank connecting rod is proposed.The traditional reciprocating pump’s crosshead structure is replaced by the straight-tooth cylindrical gear,and the piston’s long-stroke reciprocating motion is realized by combining the fixed upper rack and the movable lower rack.Efforts are made to set up the piston’s motion equation as well as the dynamics simulation model of the three-cylinder drilling pump equipped with this composite mechanism.Both the piston’s motion characteristics and the rack and pinion’s dynamics characteristics with a certain amount of load are explored;and the fatigue analysis is carried out on the gear.The results show that the piston stroke of the new reciprocating pump is doubled than that of the traditional reciprocating pump with the same crank radius,and the flow pulsation rate does not increase but the pulsation frequency reduces by twice.The number of pump-and-valve switching is effectively reduced,which will greatly prolong the wearing parts’life.The gear’s fatigue life lasts for more than 13000 hours.These results show the composite mechanism is feasible and provide theoretical support for further development of subsequent products.

关 键 词：往复泵 齿轮齿条 曲柄连杆 复合机构 动力学 疲劳寿命 

分 类 号：TH321[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]