印太视域下澳大利亚“基于规则的国际秩序”外交政策探析  

Analyzing Australia’s Commitment to a“Rules-Based International Order”within the Indo-Pacific Context

作　　者：赵昌 Zhao Chang(Australian Studies Center,Jiangsu Normal University)

机构地区：[1]江苏师范大学澳大利亚研究中心,徐州221116

出　　处：《区域国别学刊》2024年第2期117-131,159,共16页COUNTRY AND AREA STUDIES

基　　金：教育部国别和区域研究规划课题“澳大利亚智库对华认知研究”(项目批准号:2021-G03)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：“基于规则的国际秩序”曾在澳大利亚的印太战略中占据核心地位,是澳大利亚外交政策的首要追求。通过推行“基于规则的国际秩序”政策,澳大利亚意图达到三个外交目标:一是巩固“中等强国”的国际地位;二是争夺地区事务的领导权;三是维护关乎其经济利益的国际航道畅通。由于“基于规则的国际秩序”过分依赖美国,其缺陷也十分明显。首先,它与美国外交政策之间存在现实矛盾;其次,澳、美经济利益上存在很大分歧,最后,“基于规则的国际秩序”在法理上的正义性也饱受质疑。由于其固有的战略局限,“基于规则的国际秩序”的外交收益并不理想。近年来,澳大利亚被迫调整其外交政策,这为中澳关系回暖和我国周边外交环境改善提供了历史契机。The concept of a“rules-based international order”has historically been a cornerstone of Australia’s foreign policy within its Indo-Pacific strategy,serving as a key objective.Australia’s adherence to this policy framework is driven by three diplomatic ambitions:firstly,to affirm its international standing as a“middle power”;secondly,to vie for a leadership role in regional affairs;and thirdly,to ensure the freedom of navigation along international sea lanes.However,the reliance on the United States as a principal partner in this order has exposed certain limitations.These include a discernible tension between the practical applications of Australian and U.S.foreign policies,significant disparities in their economic interests,and mounting scrutiny over the perceived equitability of the“rules-based international order.”In light of these challenges,Australia has found itself at a juncture necessitating a recalibration of its foreign policy.This shift presents a strategic window for thawing Sino-Australian relations and enhancing China’s diplomatic milieu in its periphery.

关 键 词：“基于规则的国际秩序” 印太战略 中澳关系 

分 类 号：D81[政治法律—国际关系]