气候变化下窑居建筑屋顶适宜性改造研究  

Adaptability of the Roof Retrofit of Kiln Dwelling Buildings under Climate Change

作　　者：吴磊[1] 宋冰(指导)[1,2] 陈飞宇 杨柳 WU Lei;SONG Bing;CHEN Feiyu;YANG Liu(School of Architecture,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;State Key Laboratory of Green Building in Western China,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学建筑学院,西安710055 [2]西部绿色建筑国家重点实验室,西安710055

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2024年第2期92-99,共8页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：“十三五”国家重点研发计划资助项目“传统村落乡土建筑改造利用适宜性关键技术”(2020YFC1522303)。

摘　　要：调研发现陕北地区自2010年以来降水量开始呈现明显增加的趋势,而传统窑洞屋顶缺少良好的防水设计,易导致窑洞在经受暴雨时漏水甚至坍塌。村民采取在原屋顶上加建彩钢板的改造方式防雨,然而这种窑洞屋顶构造的自更新不仅未能充分解决屋顶防水问题,还在一定程度上破坏了窑洞村落的传统风貌。以陕北地区传统民居的典型代表窑洞为研究对象,通过调研测试与软件模拟分析窑洞屋顶加盖彩钢板构造对室内热环境的影响,发现加盖彩钢板能够提升屋顶的耐久度和防雨性能,但是不能改善室内热环境,并且不能充分融入到传统的乡村环境中。在此基础上提出了新型窑洞屋顶构造,以期进一步改善屋顶防水性能并延续传统民居建筑风貌,为后期窑居建筑更新改造提供参考。The survey found that the precipitation in northern Shaanxi began to increase significantly since 2010,while the traditional cave roof lacked of good waterproof design,which led to the cave leakage and even collapse subjected to heavy rain.The villagers added color steel plates on the original roof to prevent rain.However,the self⁃renewal of the cave roof structure not only failed to fully solve the leakage of the roof,but also damaged the traditional style of the village to a certain extent.Typical representative cave dwellings in northern Shaanxi are researched.The impact of covered color steel plate structure on the indoor thermal environment is analyzed through research,testing and software simulation.It is found that covered color steel plate can improve the durability and rainproof performance of the roof,but it cannot improve the indoor thermal environment and cannot be fully integrated into the traditional rural environment.On this basis,a new type of cave roof structure is proposed in order to improve the waterproof performance of the roof and continue the traditional residential building style,providing a reference for the later retrofit of the cave building.

关 键 词：气候变化 窑居建筑 更新改造 屋顶构造 室内热环境 

分 类 号：TU201.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]