航空薄壁枝杈类杆件激光选区熔化成形数值模拟研究  

Numerical Simulation Studies on Selective Laser Melting Process of Thin-walled Branch-like Aerospace Rod

作　　者：杨茗潇 吴代建[1] 李忠利[1] 李京筱 张则焕 文搏生 YANG Mingxiao;WU Daijian;LI Zhongli;LI Jingxiao;ZHANG Zehuan;WEN Bosheng

机构地区：[1]四川工程职业技术学院四川省冲压发动机先进制造技术工程实验室,四川德阳618000 [2]成都通宇航空设备制造有限公司,四川成都610000

出　　处：《大型铸锻件》2024年第2期18-22,28,共6页Heavy Casting and Forging

基　　金：四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2022YFG0214、2023YFG0168);德阳市科技计划重点研发项目(2022GZ012)。

摘　　要：针对激光选区熔化成形航空细长、薄壁枝杈类结构杆件存在的翘曲变形问题,以航空发动机喷射杆件为研究对象,应用Simufact Additive仿真软件对该典型件的SLM成形过程进行数值模拟分析,验证了2种成形工艺方案下的零件在打印、基板分离、支撑去除过程中的残余应力分布与变形情况,探究了喷杆构件的最佳成形试制方案。结果表明:喷杆在竖直摆放成形时的变形量和残余应力值分别为0.26 mm和973 MPa,均小于45°放置成形的零件。根据支撑结构的设计结果,竖直摆放成形工件的支撑数量少,且容易去除,在有利于控制细长杆部变形、提高尺寸精度与表面质量的同时节约材料成本。Aiming at the warping deformation issues of the aerospace rods with slender and thin-walled branches formed by the selective laser melting(SLM)process,the Simufact Additive simulation software was used to carry out the numerical simulation analysis for this typical part,aero-engine spray rod,in the SLM forming process.The residual stress distribution and deformation of the spray rod were verified during the printing,substrate separation and support removal processes with two different forming methods,and the optimized trial-manufacture scheme for spray rod was explored.The results show that the deformation of the spray rod is 0.26 mm and the residual stress reaches 973 MPa when the spray rod is in vertical forming mode,which are lower than the values of parts in 45°forming mode.In accordance with the designed support structure,the supports for workpieces in vertical forming mode with small quantity are easy to be removed,which is conducive to controlling the deformation of slender rod and improving the dimensional accuracy and surface quality while saving the material costs.

关 键 词：枝杈类杆件 激光选区熔化 薄壁结构 数值模拟 变形 

分 类 号：TG665[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]