抚仙湖流域典型农田土壤质量状况及烟草种植障碍因素  

Soil Quality and Constraint Factors for Tobacco Planting of Typical Farmlands in Fuxian Lake Watershed

作　　者：徐勇贤 梁强 周勇 陈志清 王火焰[2] 黄标[2,3] XU Yongxian;LIANG Qiang;ZHOU Yong;CHEN Zhiqing;WANG Huoyan;HUANG Biao(Chengjiang Branch,Yuxi Company of Yunnan Province Tobacco Company,Chengjiang,Yunnan 652500,China;Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Sino-Danish College,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司澄江分公司,云南澄江652500 [2]土壤与农业可持续发展重点实验室(中国科学院),南京210008 [3]中国科学院大学中丹学院,北京100190

出　　处：《土壤》2024年第1期103-111,共9页Soils

基　　金：云南省烟草公司玉溪市公司科技计划项目(yxyc2022009)资助。

摘　　要：以云南抚仙湖北岸澄江市约1130 hm^(2)农田土壤为研究对象,通过调查分析土壤物理、化学性质,评价了研究区土壤质量状况,并进一步利用空间分析、相关分析与主成分分析对研究区烟草种植的主要土壤障碍因子进行了分析。结果表明:研究区土壤整体偏黏(平均黏粒含量496.7 g/kg)、偏碱(pH均值7.45)、有机质含量较高(均值28.55 g/kg)、大中微量营养元素有效态含量也整体偏高(水解性氮均值119.10 mg/kg、有效磷均值68.85 mg/kg、速效钾均值208.44 mg/kg、有效锰均值28.14 mg/kg),但各土壤性质在空间上变异较大。土壤基础地力、人为施肥管理、质地、酸碱性、有效锰是影响该地区土壤肥力的主要障碍因素,这些因素可通过有机质、速效钾、黏粒、pH、有效锰等指标进行评价,并指导烟草种植的土壤管理。烟草种植过程中应根据土壤性质、烟草养分需求,结合土壤养分空间变异采取相应的土壤改良措施。In this study,about 1130 hm^(2) of farmland soils were selected as the study object in Chengjiang City at the north bank of Fuxian Lake,Yunnan Province,soil quality was evaluated by investigating and analyzing physical and chemical properties,and the main constraint factors for tobacco planting were further analyzed using spatial analysis,correlation analysis and principal component analysis.The results showed that soils were relatively clayey(mean clay content 496.7 g/kg),alkaline(mean pH 7.45),high nutrient contents(mean organic matter 28.55 g/kg,hydrolyzed nitrogen 119.10 mg/kg,available phosphorus 68.85 mg/kg,available potassium 208.44 mg/kg,and Mn 28.14 mg/kg),but soil properties varied greatly in space.Soil basic fertility,farming management,texture,acidity and alkalinity,and available Mn were the main constraint factors affecting soil fertility,these factors can be evaluated by indicators such as organic matter,available potassium,clay,pH,available Mn and so on,and can guide soil management for tobacco planting.The amelioration measures should be taken according to soil properties,nutrient requirements,and spatial variation in the management of tobacco planting soil.

关 键 词：土壤肥力质量 空间变异 烟草种植 土壤障碍因素 

分 类 号：X825[环境科学与工程—环境工程]