农村社会养老保险对农户多维相对贫困的影响研究  

Impact of Rural Social Pension Insurance on Peasant Households’Multi-dimensional Relative Poverty

作　　者：张东玲[1] 王鹏年 王艳艳 刘妍 ZHANG Dongling;WANG Pengnian;WANG Yanyan;LIU Yan(School of Economics,Qingdao University,Qingdao 266061,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学经济学院,山东青岛266061

出　　处：《山东财经大学学报》2024年第2期79-95,共17页Journal of Shandong University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“产业融合驱动新型城镇化与乡村振兴战略协调推进研究”(19BJY111)。

摘　　要：农村社会养老保险对于提升家庭内生发展能力,缓解农户多维相对贫困具有重要意义。基于可行能力理论构建多维相对贫困指数,利用2014—2018年三期中国家庭追踪调查数据库,探究农村社会养老保险对农户多维相对贫困的政策效果及作用机制。结果表明,农村社会养老保险能够通过促进老年人操持家务、隔代照顾和促进青年劳动力外出就业缓解家庭多维相对贫困状况。按照农村社会养老保险的边际效果特征,农户群体可被划分为有效型、抑制型与无效型三种,且在样本期间内抑制型农户减少,无效型农户增多。另外,农村社会养老保险仅对于多维相对贫困程度较高的农户有显著的作用效果,且农村社会养老保险能够阻断返贫以及抑制长期性贫困。因此,为有效缓解农户多维贫困,应推动农村产业发展并加强对农村劳动力的技能培训,完善农村社会养老保险制度的运作模式和提升养老金待遇水平,以及构建多元化农村社会保障制度。Rural social pension insurance is of great significance in enhancing family endogenous development capacity and alleviating peasant households’multi-dimensional relative poverty.Based on the theory of feasible ability,this study constructs a multi-dimensional relative poverty index,and explores the policy effect and action mechanism of rural social pension insurance on peasant households’multi-dimensional relative poverty by adopting the 2014—2018 China Household Tracking Survey Database.The results indicate that rural social pension insurance can alleviate family multi-dimensional relative poverty situation by encouraging the elderly people to do household chores and inter-generational care and promoting young labor force to go out for employment.According to the marginal effect characteristics of rural social pension insurance,the peasant household groups can be divided into three types,i.e.,effective type,inhibitory type and ineffective type,and during the sample period,inhibitory-type peasant households decrease while ineffective type peasant households increase.Besides,rural social pension insurance has a significant effect only on the peasant households with higher levels of multi-dimensional relative poverty,and it can also block poverty return and suppress long-term poverty.Therefore,in order to effectively alleviate peasant households’multi-dimensional poverty,it is necessary to promote the development of rural industries and strengthen skill training for rural labor force,perfect the operation mode of rural social pension insurance system and promote pension benefit level,and construct a diversified rural social security system.

关 键 词：多维相对贫困 农村社会养老保险 贫困长效治理 家庭代际分工 

分 类 号：F840.6[经济管理—保险]