乡村振兴背景下农村脱贫家庭转出劳动力返乡意愿及影响因素  

Willingness and Influencing Factors of Rural Poverty-stricken Families to Transfer Labor Force Back to Their Hometowns under the Background of Rural Revitalization

作　　者：何田 邓睿 朗雨 廖和平[2] 青丽波 HE Tian;DENG Rui;LANG Yu;LIAO Heping;QING Libo(The Faculty Geography Resource Sciences,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610101,Sichuan;School of Geographical Science,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715;Mianyang High School,Mianyang 621000,Sichuan)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学地理与资源科学学院,四川成都610101 [2]西南大学地理科学学院,重庆400715 [3]四川省绵阳中学,四川绵阳621000

出　　处：《四川师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第3期338-345,共8页Journal of Sichuan Normal University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41501173);教育部人文社会科学基金(23YJCZH072)。

摘　　要：利用2021年课题组在贵州省关岭县调查的1 518份样本数据,基于二元Logistic概率函数,从劳动力个体、家庭、转移就业、所在村庄特征等方面分析农村脱贫家庭转出劳动力返乡意愿特征及影响因素,对巩固脱贫和实施乡村振兴战略具有重要的现实意义.研究发现,脱贫家庭转出劳动力返乡意愿较为强烈,男性、年龄偏大、受教育程度低的转出劳动力更愿意返乡;家庭务工人数对劳动力返乡有负向影响,随迁子女在城市中入学成本较高,更愿意送回当地农村地区就读,转出劳动力因抚养负担加重而选择返乡;省内和省外长距离转移的劳动力,对家中住房、耕地维护不足,逐渐适应城市工作生活方式,返回农村的意愿较弱;村庄交通区位条件越便捷,更容易享受教育、医疗等公共服务设施,转出劳动力更倾向于返乡.同时,耕地资源较好、基础设施完善、拥有特色旅游资源的村庄,具有更好的乡村振兴基础条件,对劳动力返乡具有更强的吸引力.Based on 1518 sample data surveyed by the research group in Guanling County,Guizhou Province in 2021,in this pa-per,the willingness of labor transferring from poverty-stricken families to return home is characterized and its influencing factors are ex-amined with Logistic regression model in four dimensions of the individual characteristics,family characteristics,transfer of employ-ment and village characteristics.The study is of great realistic significance for fulfilling stable poverty alleviation among families and the rural revitalization initiative.The following findings are derived from this study:labor transferring from poverty-stricken families has a strong willingness to return home,with the intensity of the willingness being greater among men,the older and less educated groups.The number of employed workers per family has a negative impact on the willingness of labor to return home;as the cost of urban edu-cation is increasingly higher for migrant children,they are more willing to send their children back to rural areas where they can receive less costly education;escalating child-rearing burdens have caused transferred labor to opt for home return.Labor transferring across a long distance,either inter-provincially or intra-provincially,struggles to provide adequate maintenance for their houses and farming land and has gradually become adapted to urban working and lifestyle,resulting in a relatively weak willingness to return home.Trans-ferred labor who are able to access quality public services and facilities,such as more convenient rural transportation,greater education opportunities and better medical care has a stronger willingness to return home;in the meantime,villages with better land resources,sophisti-cated infrastructure or special tourist resources,better conditions for rural revitalization,are more likely to attract labor to return home.

关 键 词：脱贫家庭 返乡意愿 转出劳动力 少数民族 贵州关岭县 

分 类 号：K901.2[历史地理—人文地理学]