氮肥运筹与硅锌肥配施对虾稻1号产量和品质的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Management and Its Combined Application with Silica and Zinc Fertilizer on Yield and Quality of Rice Variety Xiadao 1

作　　者：聂新星 陈晨[1] 张敏敏[1] 段小丽[1] 洪俊 周雷[2] 曹文 杨利[1] NIE Xinxing;CHEN Chen;ZHANG Minmin;DUAN Xiaoli;HONG Jun;ZHOU Lei;CAO Wen;YANG Li(Key Laboratory of Fertilization from Agricultural Wastes,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Plant Protection and Soil Science,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Institute of Food Crops,Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Wuhan 430064,China;Daye City Ecological Energy Extension Service Center,Daye,Hubei 435199,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部废弃物肥料化利用重点实验室/湖北省农业科学院植保土肥研究所,武汉430064 [2]湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,武汉430064 [3]大冶市生态能源推广服务中心,湖北大冶435199

出　　处：《中国稻米》2024年第2期98-101,共4页China Rice

基　　金：湖北省农业科技创新中心项目(2020-620-000-002-01)。

摘　　要：为探讨优质食味籼稻虾稻1号产量和品质协同提升栽培技术,在施氮量180 kg/hm^(2)水平下,研究3种基肥∶分蘖肥∶穗肥运筹比例(7∶3∶0、5∶3∶2和3∶3∶4,分别记作N_(7+3+0)、N_(5+3+2)和N_(3+3+4))并配施硅锌肥处理对虾稻1号产量和品质的影响。结果表明,不同处理下虾稻1号产量整体表现为N_(7+3+0)<N_(5+3+2)≈N_(3+3+4)。提高氮肥在穗肥中的比例,虾稻1号糙米率、精米率和整精米率呈先增加后降低趋势,而胶稠度和蛋白质含量呈上升趋势。其中,氮肥运筹对整精米率的影响达到显著水平,对蛋白质含量的影响达到极显著水平。相同氮肥运筹方式下,配施硅肥或硅锌肥均表现出一定的增产效应,但对稻米品质指标的影响均未达到显著水平。综上所述,N_(5+3+2)运筹方式可实现虾稻1号产量与品质的协同提升,而配施硅锌肥有助于其产量进一步提升。In order to explore the cultivation technique for synergic improvement of yield and quality of indica rice Xiadao 1,three different nitrogen fertilizer management treatments combined with silicon and zinc fertilizer were set up under the nitrogen application rate of 180 kg/hm^(2),namely the nitrogen fertilization mass ratios of basal fertilizer,tillering fertilizer,panicle fertilizer were 7∶3∶0,5∶3∶2 and 3∶3∶4(referred as N_(7+3+0),N_(5+3+2) and N_(3+3+4),respectively).The effects of different nitrogen fertilizer application methods and its combination with silica and zinc fertilizer on yield and quality of Xiadao 1 were studied.The results showed that the overall trend of yield was ranked as N_(7+3+0)<N_(5+3+2)≈N_(3+3+4).With the increasing proportion of nitrogen fertilizer in panicle fertilizer,the brown rice rate,milled rice rate and head rice rate of Xiadao 1 increased first and then decreased,but the gel consistency and protein content of polished rice were on the rise.Besides,the nitrogen fertilizer application significantly influenced the head rice rate,and the effect on the protein content reached an extremely significant level.Under the same nitrogen fertilizer application method,combined application of single silicon fertilizer and combined application of silicon and zinc fertilizer showed a certain yield increase effect,but the effect on rice quality index did not reach a significant level.In conclusion,the N_(5+3+2) treatment could realize the synergistic improvement of the yield and quality of Xiadao 1,and the combined application of silicon and zinc fertilizer is conducive to the further improvement of the yield.

关 键 词：水稻 氮肥运筹 硅肥 锌肥 虾稻1号 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]