不同类型地膜覆盖对白芷生长发育、产量及主要有效成分的影响  

Effects of Different Types Plastic Film on the Growth,Yield and Main Active Ingredients of Angelica dahurica var.formosana

作　　者：刘仁浪 江美彦 陈靳松 杜宣 郑全林 侯凯[1] 陈银银 吴卫[1] LIU Renlang;JIANG Meiyan;CHEN Jinsong;DU Xuan;ZHENG Quanlin;HOU Kai;CHEN Yinyin;WU Wei(College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Wenjiang,Sichuan 611130;Sichuan Quantaitang Chuanbaizhi Industry Co.,Ltd.,Suining,Sichuan 629000)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,四川温江611130 [2]四川全泰堂川白芷产业有限公司,四川遂宁629000

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第3期540-550,共11页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省科技厅重点研发项目(2021YFYZ0012);四川省科学技术厅重点研发项目(22ZYFS0582);四川省中医药重点学科建设项目(2021-16-4);四川农业大学学科建设双支计划—学科创新团队项目(P202108)。

摘　　要：为探究地膜覆盖技术对缓解白芷苗期春旱,促进其增产并保障品质的效果,本研究采用单因素试验设计,以不覆盖处理为对照(CK),分别采用白膜(厚度0.008 mm)、黑膜(厚度0.008 mm)、黑膜(厚度0.010 mm)、黑膜(厚度0.014 mm)和银黑膜(厚度0.012 mm)5种覆膜材料垄沟覆盖白芷,分析不同类型地膜覆盖对白芷生长发育动态、土壤养分、白芷养分、主要有效成分动态、产量及经济效益的影响。结果表明,地膜覆盖会显著提高白芷对土壤速效养分的吸收及地下部分(根)养分积累、产量、品质和经济效益。在白芷苗期时,地膜覆盖处理的白芷株高、根长、根直径、鲜重和干重均高于未覆盖(CK)。在白芷收获期时,白芷欧前胡素含量及积累量以黑膜(厚度0.010 mm)最高(0.31%,219.86 mg/株);异欧前胡素积累量以银黑膜最高,其次是黑膜(厚度0.010 mm),分别为75.25和71.75 mg/株;与CK相比,地膜覆盖处理使白芷产量和经济效益提升18.15%~22.80%和36.97%~54.12%。综上,地膜覆盖技术能缓解白芷苗期干旱现象,在提高白芷品质的基础上进一步提升产量。因此在兼顾白芷产量、主要有效成分和经济效益的前提下,以厚度为0.010 mm的黑膜垄沟覆盖为宜。本研究结果为地膜覆盖技术在白芷生产中的应用提供了理论参考。In order to explore the effect of plastic film mulching technology on relieving spring drought of Angelica dahurica var.formosana seedlings,promoting its yield increase and ensuring its quality.A single-factor experimental design was applied in mulching to A.dahurica var.formosana grown in ridges and furrows using five different film mulching materials:white film(0.008 mm thickness),black film(0.008 mm thickness),black film(0.010 mm thickness),black film(0.014 mm thickness),and silver-black film(0.012 mm thickness).A control group with no mulch treatment(CK)was also included.The study aimed to analyze the effects of various film mulching types on growth dynamics,soil nutrients,plant nutrients,main active ingredient dynamics,yield,and economic benefits of A.dahurica var.formosana.The results showed that plastic film mulching significantly improved the soil available nutrient absorption,underground nutrient accumulation,yield,quality,and economic benefits of A.dahurica var.formosana.During the seedling stage,the plant height,root length,root diameter,fresh weight,and dry weight of plastic film mulching were higher than those of no mulch(CK).During the harvest period,the black film(thickness 0.010 mm)had the highest content and accumulation of imperatorin(0.31%,219.86 mg·plant^(−1)).The accumulation of isoimperatorin was highest in silver black film,followed by black film(thickness 0.010 mm),with 75.25 mg·plant^(−1) and 71.75 mg·plant^(−1),respectively.Compared with CK,plastic film mulching yield increased by 18.15%−22.80% and economic benefits by 36.97%-54.12%.In summary,plastic film mulching technology can alleviate the drought phenomenon during the seedling stage of A.dahurica var.formosana,and further increase yield on the basis of improving the quality of A.dahurica var.formosana.Therefore,while taking into account the yield,main active ingredients,and economic benefits of A.dahurica var.formosana,it is advisable to ridge and ditch mulching it with thickness of 0.010 mm black film.The results of this

关 键 词：不同类型地膜 白芷 生长发育 产量 主要有效成分 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]