植物生长调节剂与氮肥对盐胁迫下水稻幼苗生理特性的影响  

Effects of Plant Growth Regulators and Nitrogen Fertiliser on the Physiological Characteristics of Rice Seedlings under Salt Stress

作　　者：王亚新 冯乃杰 赵黎明[1] 郑殿峰 沈雪峰 刘美玲[1] 杜有为 WANG Yaxin;FENG Naijie;ZHAO Liming;ZHENG Dianfeng;SHEN Xuefeng;LIU Meiling;DU Youwei(College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524088;South China Center of National Saline-Tolerant Rice Technology Innovation Center,Zhanjiang,Guangdong 524088;Shenzhen Research Institute of Guangdong Ocean University,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518108)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院,广东湛江524088 [2]国家耐盐碱水稻技术创新中心华南中心,广东湛江524088 [3]广东海洋大学深圳研究院,广东深圳518108

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第3期561-573,共13页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省教育厅普通高校重点领域专项(2021ZDZX4027);广东省普通高校创新团队项目(2021KCXTD011);广东海洋大学科研启动经费资助项目(060302052010)。

摘　　要：为探讨植物生长调节剂(PGRs)和氮肥对水稻(Oryza sativa L.)幼苗生长和耐盐性的影响,以常规水稻品种黄华占为试验材料,在盆栽条件下,设置施氮及盐胁迫处理:N1(0.1 g N/盆)、N2(0.15 g N/盆)、N1S(N1+0.3%NaCl)、N_(2)S(N_(2)+0.3%NaCl),以及调节剂效应处理:N1A[N1+40 mg·L^(-1)5-氨基乙酰丙酸(5-ALA)]、N1D[N1+30 mg·L^(-1)乙酸二乙基氨基乙酯(DTA-6)]、N1AS[N1+40 mg·L^(-1)5-ALA+0.3%NaCl]和N1DS[N1+30 mg·L^(-1)DTA-6+0.3%NaCl],于三叶一心期叶喷DTA-6和5-ALA,24 h后按土量进行0.3%NaCl(盐的质量/土的质量,W/W)处理,测定各处理幼苗形态、抗氧化酶活性以及丙二醛、过氧化氢和光合色素含量。结果表明,与N1相比,N_(2)、N1A和N1D处理均能促进幼苗生长,增加光合色素含量、抗氧化酶活性、可溶性蛋白含量并促进还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)合成。以N1A处理效果最显著,N1A处理的地上干重、壮苗指数较N1处理增幅分别为15.37%~41.02%和29.17%~69.31%,过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))和丙二醛(MDA)含量较N1处理分别显著降低25.90%~51.61%和4.10%~14.45%。与N1相比,盐胁迫N1S显著抑制了幼苗生长,N_(2)S、N1AS和N1DS均可缓解盐胁迫N1S处理对幼苗形态和生理的损伤。其中N1AS处理效果最佳,改善了幼苗的形态,增加了抗氧化酶活性、光合色素、可溶性蛋白和GSH含量,与N1S处理相比,N1AS处理的地上干重和总叶绿素含量增幅分别为31.08%~78.95%和15.90%~69.35%,MDA和H_(2)O_(2)含量分别显著降低37.38%~50.29%和6.43%~20.95%。综上所述,在盐与非盐胁迫下,叶面喷施5-ALA、DTA-6和增施氮肥均能促进水稻幼苗生长,提高叶片抗氧化酶活性,减少叶片活性氧H2O2和MDA含量,提高幼苗耐盐性,且叶面喷施5-ALA和DTA-6调节剂与增施定量氮肥(N_(2)和N_(2)S)处理效果相当。本研究结果为农业生产上实现氮肥减施增效提供了依据。To investigate the effects of plant growth regulators(PGRs)and nitrogen fertilisers on salt tolerance of rice(Oryza sativa L.)seedlings,the conventional rice variety Huanghuazhan was selected as the experimental material.Nitrogen and salt stress treatments were set up under potting conditions:the N 1 treatment(0.1 g N·pot^(-1)),the N 2 treatment(0.15 g N·pot^(-1)),N 1 S treatment(N_(1)+0.3%NaCl),and N 2 S treatment(N 2+0.3%NaCl).Regulator treatments were set as:N_(1)+40 mg·L^(-1)5-aminolevulinic acid(5-ALA)(N 1 A treatment),N_(1)+30 mg·L^(-1)2-Diethylaminoethyl hexanoate(DTA-6)(N 1 D treatment),N 1+40 mg·L^(-1)5-ALA+0.3%NaCl(N 1 AS treatment),and N 1+30 mg·L^(-1) DTA-6+0.3%NaCl(N_(1)DS treatment).DTA-6 and 5-ALA were sprayed at 3-leaf and 1-heart stage,followed by 0.3%NaCl(mass of salt/mass of soil W/W)treatment 24 h later.The morphology,antioxidant enzyme activities,and the malondialdehyde,hydrogen peroxide and photosynthetic pigment contents were measured.The results showed that N_(2),N_(1)A and N_(1)D treatments could promote seedling growth,increase photosynthetic pigment content,antioxidant enzyme activity and soluble protein content,and promote GSH synthesis compared with N_(1).Among them,the effect of N_(1)A treatment was the most significant,and the increases of aboveground dry weight and seedling index of N_(1)A treatment compared with N_(1) treatment ranged from 15.37%-41.02% and 29.17%-69.31%,respectively,and the content of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and malondialdehyde(MDA)was significantly reduced by 25.90%-51.61%and 4.10%-14.45%,respectively,compared with these of N_(1) treatment,N_(1)S treatment significantly inhibited seedling growth compared to N_(1),and N_(2)S,N_(1)AS and N_(1)DS all alleviated the morphological and physiological damage to seedlings caused by N_(1)S treatment.Among them,N_(1)AS treatment had the best effect,improving the morphology of seedlings,and increasing antioxidant enzyme activity,photosynthetic pigment content,soluble protein and GSH content.Compared with the N_(1

关 键 词：水稻 盐胁迫 PGRs 增施氮肥 生理特性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]