间作刺槐对魔芋根际细菌群落结构及软腐病发生的影响  

Effects of Intercropping with Robinia pseudoacacia on Rhizosphere Bacterial Community Structure and Soft Rot Disease Development in Amorphophallus konjac

作　　者：何斐 刘欢 李川 崔鸣 魏梦琳 丁龙飞 刘斌 段杉 HE Fei;LIU Huan;LI Chuan;CUI Ming;WEI Menglin;DING Longfei;LIU Bin;DUAN Shan(School of Modern Agriculture&Biotechnology,Ankang University,Ankang,Shaanxi 725000)

机构地区：[1]安康学院现代农业与生物科技学院,陕西安康725000

出　　处：《核农学报》2024年第4期755-766,共12页Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31901468);陕西省技术创新引导专项(2021QFY12-03);安康市农业科技攻关项目(AK2022-NY-04);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202211397001)。

摘　　要：为研究间作刺槐对魔芋根际细菌群落结构的影响及其与软腐病的关系,以深入理解特定作物间作模式下的根际微生态特征。本试验设置塑料膜全隔(单作)、尼龙网网隔(半间作)和无隔(间作)3种刺槐‖魔芋根系分隔处理,采用高通量测序和荧光实时定量PCR(qRT-PCR)技术分析不同处理魔芋根系和根际土壤细菌多样性、群落组成和土壤氮循环相关基因表达丰度。结果表明,魔芋根系和根际土壤细菌α多样性指数均随着根系互作加强而明显提高。无隔处理根际细菌群落β多样性与全隔处理有明显差异。戴沃斯菌属(Devosia)、极地所菌属(Pricia)、藤黄单胞菌属(Luteimonas)、链霉菌属(Streptomyces)及溶杆菌属(Lysobacter)相对丰度值在所有处理根系和土壤中均较大;原小单孢菌属(Promicromonospora)相对丰度在网隔处理土壤中最高;链霉菌属、根瘤菌属(Rhizobium)和溶杆菌属相对丰度在网隔和无隔魔芋根系和土壤中较大。与全隔相比,无隔处理显著提高了土壤氮循环相关固氮酶基因(nifH)、亚硝酸还原酶基因(nirS)、氧化亚氮还原酶基因(nosZ)和氨单加氧酶基因(AOA amoA)拷贝数。无隔和网隔处理魔芋软腐病病情指数较全隔处理分别降低100.0%和50.0%~100.0%。综上,间作刺槐通过增加魔芋根际细菌多样性改变了群落结构,并增加了有益细菌丰度和氮循环相关基因拷贝数,从而降低了软腐病的发病率。本研究结果对通过间作等农业措施修复魔芋农田的土壤微生态和防控土传病害具有指导意义。The aim of this study was to ascertain the effects of intercropping with Robinia pseudoacacia on rhizosphere bacterial community structure and its relationship with soft rot disease in Amorphophallus konjac,which could enable a holistic understanding of rhizosphere microecological characteristics under specific intercropping patterns.R.pseudoacacia and A.konjac plants were grown under three root separation treatments:complete separation by a plastic film(monocropping,without root exudate exchange or root interaction),semi-separation by a nylon mesh(semi-cropping,with root exudate exchange but no root interaction),and non-separation(intercropping,with root exudate exchange and root interaction).Illumina high-throughput sequencing and quantitative real-time PCR were used to analyze bacterial diversity,and community composition,as well as the abundance of soil nitrogen cycling-related functional genes in A.konjac roots and rhizosphere soils under the different treatments.The results indicated that the alpha diversity indices of root and rhizosphere bacterial communities markedly increased with the enhancement of root interaction.The beta diversity of rhizosphere bacterial communities showed prominent variation between the nonseparation and complete separation treatments.At the genus level,Davorsia,Polariella,Luteomonas,Streptomyces,and Lysobacter accounted for high proportions of total abundance in the root and rhizosphere soils across all treatments.The relative abundance of Promicromonospora was the highest in the rhizosphere soils of semi-separation treatment,whereas Streptomyces,Rhizobium,and Lysobacter comprised large proportions in the root and rhizosphere soils of semi-separation and non-separation treatments.The copy numbers of nitrogen cycling-related genes encoding nitrogenase(nifH),nitrite reductase(nirS),nitrous oxide reductase(nosZ),and ammonia monooxygenase from ammonia-oxidizing archaea(AOA amoA)notably increased in the rhizosphere soils of non-separation treatment compared with those of complete sepa

关 键 词：魔芋软腐病 刺槐 间作 细菌群落结构 氮循环 

分 类 号：S436.32[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]