禽呼肠孤病毒在我国部分地区蛋鸡群中的血清流行率和风险因素分析  

Seroprevalence and Risk Factors Analysis of Avian Reovirus in Layer Chicken Flocks in Some Areas of China

作　　者：郑好 杨霞 张素 赵一萌 汤君宇 高丽 曹红[1] 马国明 王占新 郑世军[1] 王永强[1] ZHENG Hao;YANG Xia;ZHANG Su;ZHAO Yimeng;TANG Junyu;GAO Li;CAO Hong;MA Guoming;WANG Zhanxin;ZHENG Shijun;WANG Yongqiang(National Key Laboratory of Veterinary Public Health and Safety Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology and Zoonosis of Ministry of Agriculture,College of Veterinary Medicine,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Beinongda Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100193,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Health Breeding and Environmental Control,Wens Food Group Co.,Ltd.,Yunfu 527300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物医学院兽医公共卫生安全全国重点实验室农业农村部动物流行病学重点实验室,北京海淀100193 [2]北农大科技股份有限公司,北京海淀100193 [3]温氏食品集团股份有限公司广东省畜禽健康养殖与环境控制企业重点实验室,广东云浮527300

出　　处：《中国兽医杂志》2024年第3期1-8,共8页Chinese Journal of Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32072850)。

摘　　要：禽呼肠孤病毒(ARV)在我国流行范围较广,感染家禽后使其出现病毒性关节炎、生长不良和产蛋量下降等表现,对我国养禽业造成较严重的经济损失。为了解我国蛋鸡群中ARV的流行情况及存在的感染风险因素,本试验在2022年11月—2023年3月从北京、天津、河北、山东、河南、江苏、陕西、湖北和重庆9个省市的45个蛋鸡养殖场(其中包括祖代蛋鸡群、父母代蛋鸡群和商品代蛋鸡群),收集共计45份调查问卷和968份血清样本。采用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)检测血清中的ARV抗体,并结合调查问卷,采用单因素分析和逻辑回归分析方法找到蛋鸡出现ARV感染症状的风险因素。ELISA检测结果显示,968份血清样本中检出阳性863份,阳性率为89.15%(95%CI:87.0%~91.0%);单因素分析结果显示,全进全出饲养模式下的蛋鸡出现ARV感染症状的概率显著低于区域性全进全出饲养模式或不同日龄、不同批次混养饲养模式下的蛋鸡,且具有较强程度的关联(P<0.05,0.1<OR<0.3);生物安全防控严格的大、中型规模化养殖场(5万只以上)的蛋鸡出现ARV感染症状的概率显著低于生物安全防控存在不足的小型养殖场(2万~5万只)的蛋鸡,且具有较强程度的关联(P<0.05,0.1<OR<0.3);员工不注意对鸡舍消毒的养殖场饲养的蛋鸡出现ARV感染症状的概率显著高于员工对鸡舍具有较强或一般消毒意识的养殖场饲养的蛋鸡,具有中等程度的关联(P<0.05,1.5<OR<3.0)。综上所述,饲养模式、养殖场规模和员工对鸡舍的消毒意识可能是产蛋鸡群感染ARV的风险因素。Avian reovirus(ARV)is widely prevalent in China,causing viral arthritis,growth retardation,and decreased egg production in infected poultry,leading to significant economic losses in the poultry industry.To understand the prevalence of ARV in layer chicken flocks in China and identify potential risk factors for infection,this study was conducted from November 2022 to March 2023 in 45 chicken farms across nine provinces and municipalities,including Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei,Shandong,Henan,Jiangsu,Shaanxi,Hubei,and Chongqing.The surveyed farms included grandparent,parent,and commercial layer chicken flocks.A total of 45 questionnaires and 968 serum samples were collected.ARV antibodies in the serum were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Single-factor analysis and logistic regression analysis,in conjunction with the questionnaire data,were employed to identify risk factors for ARV infection symptoms in layer chickens.The ELISA results showed that out of 968 serum samples,863 were positive,yielding a positivity rate of 89.15%(95%CI:87.0%-91.0%).Single-factor analysis revealed that the onset of ARV infection symptoms of layer chickens in an all-in-all-out rearing mode was significantly lower than those in regional all-in-all-out or mixed-age and batch rearing mode,and this association was statistically significant(P<0.05,0.1<OR<0.3).The onset of ARV infection symptoms of layer chickens in large and medium-scale poultry farms(over 50000 chickens)with strict biosecurity measures was significantly lower than those in small-scale farms(20000-50000 chickens)with inadequate biosecurity measures,and this association was statistically significant(P<0.05,0.1<OR<0.3).The onset of ARV infection symptoms of layer chickens raised in farms where staff paid little attention to shed disinfection was significantly higher than those in farms where staff had strong or moderate disinfection awareness,and this association was of moderate strength(P<0.05,1.5<OR<3.0).In conclusion,the rearing mode,farm size,and staff's awar

关 键 词：蛋鸡 禽呼肠孤病毒(ARV) 抗体检测 风险因素 

分 类 号：S851.312[农业科学—预防兽医学]