不同蛋白源代乳粉对羔羊生长、消化、瘤胃发酵参数和菌群结构的影响  

Effects of Milk Replacers with Different Protein Sources on Growth,Digestion,Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Microflora Structure of Lambs

作　　者：王紫薇 梁鸽鸽 鲁昌明 张旭[1] 张永根[1] 谢小来[1] 扈光辉[1] 路允龙 WANG Ziwei;LIANG Gege;LU Changming;ZHANG Xu;ZHANG Yonggen;XIE Xiaolai;HU Guanghui;LU Yunlong(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Heilongjiang Harbin 150030,China;Heilongjiang Lvneng Ecological Animal Husbandry Co.,Ltd.,Heilongjiang Qiqihar 162400,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江绿能生态牧业有限公司,黑龙江齐齐哈尔162400

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第6期48-56,共9页Feed Industry

基　　金：东北农业大学“青年才俊”项目[19QC42]。

摘　　要：研究旨在探究不同蛋白源代乳粉对羔羊生长、消化、瘤胃发酵参数和菌群结构的影响。选取40只健康、体重相近的3日龄萨能公羔羊,饲喂乳源蛋白代乳粉至22日龄,随机分为2组。对照组继续饲喂乳源蛋白代乳粉(milk-derived protein milk replacer,MD组),试验组逐渐替代饲喂植物源蛋白代乳粉(plant-derived protein milk replacer,PD组),试验期40 d。结果表明:①与MD组相比,PD组终末体重、平均日增重(ADG)、开食料干物质采食量和干物质采食量(DMI)显著降低(P<0.05),但料重比(F/G)无显著差异(P>0.05)。②与MD组相比,PD组粗蛋白(CP)、粗脂肪(EE)、钙(Ca)和磷(P)的表观消化率均显著降低(P<0.05)。③与MD组相比,PD组瘤胃中氨态氮(NH3-N)、异戊酸浓度显著提高(P<0.05);④PD组瘤胃Chao1指数、操作分类单位(OTU)数量、香农(Shannon)指数、均匀性(Evenness)指数以及辛普森(Simpson)指数均显著低于MD组(P<0.05);主坐标分析(PCoA)显示,两组羔羊瘤胃微生物间结构差异显著(P<0.05);在门水平上,与MD组相比,PD组厚壁菌门的相对丰度和厚壁菌门/拟杆菌门比值显著降低(P<0.05),拟杆菌门的相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05);在属水平上,与MD组相比,PD组克里斯滕森氏菌科R-7群、UCG-002、未分类厚壁菌门的相对丰度显著降低(P<0.05),未分类鼠杆菌科、普雷沃氏菌属、未分类梭菌属_UCG-014的相对丰度显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,与乳源蛋白代乳粉相比,植物源蛋白代乳粉会降低羔羊生长性能和消化性能;此外,试验中植物源蛋白代乳粉会促进羔羊瘤胃发酵,改变瘤胃中微生物菌群结构。The study aimed to investigate the effects of milk replacers with different protein sources on growth,digestion,rumen fermentation parameters and flora structure in lambs.Forty 3-day-old healthy,similar weight Sannen male lambs were randomly divided into two groups and fed milk re⁃placer until 22 days of age.The control group con⁃tinued to feed milk-derived protein milk replacer(MD group),and the experimental group was gradually replaced by feeding plant-derived protein milk replacer(PD group)for 40 d.The results showed:①Compared with the MD group,the final body weight,average daily gain(ADG),dry matter in⁃take of the starter diets,and dry matter intake(DMI)were significantly lower in the PD group(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in the feed/gain ratio(F/G)(P>0.05).②The apparent digestibility of crude protein(CP),ether extract(EE),calcium(Ca),and phosphorus(P)of the PD group was signifi⁃cantly lower compared to the MD group(P<0.05).③Concentrations of ammoniacal nitrogen(NH3-N),isovalerate in the rumen of the PD group were significantly higher compared to the MD group(P<0.05);④Chao1 index,operational taxonomic unit(OTU)volume,Shannon index,Evenness index and Simpson index of the PD group were significantly lower than those of the MD group(P<0.05);Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)showed significant structural differences between the rumen microorganisms of lambs in the two groups(P<0.05).At the phylum level,the relative abundance of the Firmicutes,the ratio of Fir⁃micutes/Bacteroidetes were significantly lower(P<0.05),and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes was significantly higher(P<0.05)in the PD group compared to the MD group.At the genus level,relative abundance of Christensenellaceae_R-7_group,UCG-002,and Firmicutes_unclassified was significantly lower(P<0.05),and relative abundance of Muribaculaceae_unclassified,Prevotella and Clostridia_UCG-014_unclassified was significantly higher(P<0.05)in the PD group compared to the MD group.In conclu⁃sion,compared with milk-deriv

关 键 词：羔羊 代乳粉 生长性能 消化性能 瘤胃发酵 瘤胃微生物区系 

分 类 号：S816.1[农业科学—饲料科学]