枯草芽孢杆菌和酵母培养物联合添加在断奶仔兔上的应用效果研究  

Application of Bacillus subtilis Combined with Yeast Culture on Weaned Rabbit

作　　者：刁慧 汤文杰[1,2] 张晶 严鸿林 晏家友 周梦佳[1,2] 黄崇波 李书伟 DIAO Hui;TANG wenjie;ZHANG Jing;YAN Honglin;YAN Jiayou;ZHOU Mengjia;HUANG Chongbo;LI Shuwei(Sichuan Animal Science Academy,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Chengdu 610066,China;Sichuan Animtech Group Co.,Ltd.,Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Sichuan Chengdu 610066,China;Chongqing Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station,Chongqing 401121,China;College of Life Science and Engineering,Southwest University of Science and Technology,Sichuan Mianyang 621010,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省畜牧科学研究院,动物遗传育种四川省重点实验室,四川成都610066 [2]四川省畜科集团有限公司,畜禽生物制品四川省重点实验室,四川成都610066 [3]重庆市畜牧技术推广总站,重庆401121 [4]西南科技大学生命科学与工程学院,四川绵阳621010

出　　处：《饲料工业》2024年第6期118-125,共8页Feed Industry

基　　金：四川省国际科技创新合作项目[2022YFH0063];四川省引才引智基地[2021JDYZ0001];四川省重点研发项目[2021YFN0029];四川省引智示范推广项目[2021ZHYZ0005]。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌和酵母培养物,对伊拉肉兔生产性能、养分消化率、血清免疫、抗氧化和抗应激能力的影响。选择396只35日龄、体重为(0.979±0.037)kg健康的断奶伊拉肉兔,按随机区组设计分为4个处理(每个处理11个重复,每个重复9只兔),分别为基础饲粮(对照组)、添加1000 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌、添加3000 mg/kg酵母培养物、添加1000 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌+3000 mg/kg酵母培养物(联合添加组)。试验期共30 d。结果表明:与对照组相比,饲粮添加3000 mg/kg酵母培养物,可提高断奶仔兔1~15 d平均日增重(ADG),降低料重比(F/G)(P<0.05);联合添加显著提高断奶仔兔16~30 d平均日增重,降低料重比(P<0.05);与对照组相比,3个处理组均可提高断奶仔兔粗蛋白(CP)的表观消化率(P<0.05);饲粮添加3000 mg/kg酵母培养物或与1000 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌联用可提高断奶仔兔干物质(DM)和粗脂肪(EE)的表观消化率(P<0.05);联合添加可提高断奶仔兔粗纤维(CF)的表观消化率(P<0.05);与对照组相比,饲粮添加3000 mg/kg酵母培养物或与1000 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌联用,可提高断奶仔兔血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)、免疫球蛋白M(IgM)和干扰素γ(IFN-γ)含量,降低血清醛固酮和皮质醇的含量以及钾钠比值(P<0.05);与对照组相比,3个处理组均可提高断奶仔兔免疫球蛋白A(IgA)、G(IgG)和血清热休克蛋白70(Hsp70)的含量,降低断奶仔兔血清丙二醛(MDA)的含量(P<0.05);联合添加组断奶仔兔血清溶菌酶含量高于其他组(P<0.05)。由此可见,饲粮添加3000 mg/kg酵母培养物或与1000 mg/kg枯草芽孢杆菌联用,能提高断奶仔兔养分表观消化率,改善免疫力,增强抗氧化能力和抗应激能力,改善生长性能。This experiment was conducted to re⁃search the effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis and yeast culture on performance,nutrient digestibil⁃ity,serum immunity,antioxidant capacity and stress tolerance of Hyla rabbits.A total of 396 healthy 35-day-old weaned Hyla rabbits with an initial average body weight of(0.979±0.037)kg were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 11 replicates per treatment,and 9 rabbits per replicate.The dietary treatment groups were as follows:basal diet(control group);adding 1000 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis;adding 3000 mg/kg yeast culture and adding 1000 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis+3000 mg/kg yeast culture.The whole trial lasted for 30 days.Com⁃pared with the control group,dietary supplemented with 3000 mg/kg yeast culture significantly in⁃creased average daily gain(ADG)and decreased feed to gain ratio(F/G)during 1-15 days(P<0.05),and dietary supplemented with 1000 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis+3000 mg/kg yeast culture significantly in⁃creased ADG and decreased F/G during 16-30 days(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the other three groups increased the apparent digestibility of crude protein(CP)in weaned rabbits(P<0.05),dietary supplemented with 3000 mg/kg yeast culture or combined with 1000 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis in⁃creased the apparent digestibility of dry matter(DM)and ether extract(EE)in weaned rabbits(P<0.05),and dietary supplemented with 1000 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis+3000 mg/kg yeast culture increased the apparent digestibility of crude fiber(CF)in weaned rabbits(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,dietary supplemented with 3000 mg/kg yeast culture or combined with 1000 mg/kg Bacillus subtilis en⁃hanced the total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),increased the contents of immunoglobulin M(IgM)and in⁃terferon-γ(IFN-γ),and decreased the contents of aldosterone,cortisol and K/Na in serum of weaner rab⁃bits(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the other three groups could increase the contents of heat shock protein 70(Hsp70),immunoglobulin A(IgA)and G(IgG),and decrease the con

关 键 词：益生菌 酵母培养物 养分消化率 免疫 抗应激 肉兔 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]