基于主成分和聚类分析的50份冬小麦材料主要农艺性状评价  

Evaluation of main agronomic characters of 50 winter wheat varieties based on principal component and cluster analysis

作　　者：郑彩霞[1] 孙小东[1] 杨振常 李榕鑫 闫文君 张宗迪 ZHENG Caixia;SUN Xiaodong;YANG Zhenchang;LI Rongxin;YAN Wenjun;ZHANG Zongdi(Baiyin Institute of Agricultural Scienceh,Baiyin 730900,China)

机构地区：[1]白银市农业科学研究所,甘肃白银730900

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第1期102-112,共11页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划项目“冬小麦新品种选育与配套栽培技术研究”(21YF5ND184)。

摘　　要：【目的】了解冬小麦农艺性状间的关系,探究冬小麦农艺性状对产量的影响,从而筛选高产冬小麦品系。【方法】本研究以50份冬小麦品种(系)为研究对象,对其15个农艺性状进行了遗传变异分析、相关分析、主成分分析和聚类分析。【结果】遗传变异分析表明,供试材料农艺性状存在差异,除生育期变异系数为0.71%外,其他农艺性状变异系数较大,为7.46%~51.68%。产量与穗粒质量(0.935**)、千粒质量(0.740**)、穗粒数(0.616**)呈极显著正相关,与小穗数(0.289*)呈显著正相关,与其他农艺性状相关性不显著。主成分分析结果表明,小穗数、穗粒数、小穗粒数、穗粒质量、千粒质量对冬小麦产量提高有较大的正向作用,株高、不育小穗数对冬小麦产量提高有负作用,有27份参试材料基于15个农艺性状综合表现好。聚类分析结果表明,50份冬小麦供试材料划分为多粒高产型、多粒中产型、少粒低产型3大类群,各类群特征表现明显。【结论】50份冬小麦参试材料在15个农艺性状上具有丰富的多样性,通过综合评价筛选出了21份综合性状表现优良的冬小麦材料,可以从中选育出具有高产潜力的冬小麦新品种,同时为冬小麦杂交选育提供了优良的亲本资源和理论参考。142-3-3-1(D38)、141-1-8-1(D35)和2012Y-01-6-1(D43)3份材料较对照陇麦844综合表现优良,产量高。【Objective】This study aimed to investigate the correlations between agronomic traits of winter wheat and explore theirs effect of agronomic traits on winter wheat yield in order to create and screen high-yield winter wheat varieties.【Method】The study focused on 50 winter wheat varieties,analyzing 15 agronomic traits through genetic variation analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,and cluster analysis.【Result】The results revealed differences in the agronomic traits among the tested varieties.Apart from a growth period variation coefficient of 0.71%,the other agronomic traits displayed relatively large variation coefficients ranging from 7.46%to 51.68%.Grain yield exhibited a significantly positive correlation with grain weight per spike(0.935**),1000 grain weight(0.740**),and kernel number per spike(0.616**).It also showed a significant positive correlation with spikelet per spike(0.289*),while its correlations with other agronomic traits were not significant.Principal component analysis indicated that spikelet per spike,kernel number per spike,the numbers of spikelet grain per spike,grain weight per spike,and 1000 grain weight had a positive effect on improving winter wheat yield.On the other hand,plant height and sterile spikelets had a negative effect.Among the 27 tested varieties,15 agronomic traits performed well.Cluster analysis divided the 50 winter wheat test varieties into three groups:multi-grain high-yield type,multi-grain middle-yield type,and few-grain low-yield type,each exhibiting distinctive characteristics.【Conclusion】The 50 winter wheat test varieties demonstrated rich diversity in 15 agronomic traits.Based on comprehensive evaluation,21 winter wheat varieties with excellent overall performance were selected,indicating their potential for high yield.These findings provide valuable parental resources and theoretical references for winter wheat hybrid breeding.Among the selected varieties,142-3-3-1(D38),141-1-8-1(D35),and 2012Y-01-6-1(D43)exhibited superior compr

关 键 词：冬小麦 农艺性状 相关分析 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]