外源钙对甘草生长及生理特性的影响  

Effects of exogenous calcium on the growth and physiological characteristics of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.

作　　者：安钰[1] 张清云[1] 李生兵 王东清[1] AN Yu;ZHANG Qingyun;LI Shengbing;WANG Dongqing(Institute of Forestry and Grassland Ecology,Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,China;Yanchi Science&Technology Bureau,Yanchi 751500,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院林业与草地生态研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]盐池县科学技术局,宁夏盐池751500

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第1期185-193,共9页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2023AAC03402);宁夏留学回国人员创新创业项目“氮沉降北京下生物多样性对荒漠草原生产力及稳定性的影响”。

摘　　要：【目的】为揭示宁夏中部干旱带甘草优质高产栽培过程中甘草对不同钙浓度的适应机制,探究了外源钙对甘草生长及生理生化特性的影响。【方法】以乌拉尔甘草为试验材料,设置0(CK)、5(G_(1))、10(G_(2))、15(G_(3))、20 mmol/L(G_(4))5个钙浓度,分析比较了不同浓度外源钙处理下甘草生长、光合特性及抗氧化酶活性的变化,同时采用主成分分析和隶属函数法综合评价出适宜甘草生长的外源钙施用浓度。【结果】随着钙浓度的增加,甘草主根长、主根直径、单根鲜质量呈先增加后下降的趋势,且不同处理之间差异不显著;甘草叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO_(2)浓度(Ci)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性整体呈现先升后降的趋势,钙浓度为10 mmol/L时,Tr、Pn、Gs、SOD活性、CAT活性均达到峰值,且Pn、Gs显著高于对照(P<0.05)。MDA含量随着钙浓度的增加呈先下降后上升的趋势,各浓度处理间差异显著(P<0.05),钙浓度为10mmol/L时的MDA含量最低。综合评价结果表明,钙浓度为10mmol/L时,隶属函数值的均值最大,为0.739。【结论】施用外源钙有利于改善甘草的生理生化特性,促进生长发育;10mmol/L钙浓度是甘草生长的最佳施用量,可为干旱地区甘草的栽培模式提供理论依据。【Objective】In order to reveal the adaptation mechanism of Glycyrrhiza uralensis in response to different calcium concentrations during high-efficiency cultivation in the arid zone of Ningxia,the present paper determined the effects of exogenous calcium on the growth,physiological and biochemical characteristics of G.uralensis,and to find out the appropriate concentration of calcium applied for licorice.【Method】The cultivated G.uralensis was used as the experimental material,and five levels of calcium concentrations were performed as follows:0(CK),5(G_(1)),10(G_(2)),15(G_(3)),and 20 mmol/L(G_(4)).The changes in growth,photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme activities of G.uralensis were analyzed,and the optimal calcium concentration suitable for licorice growth was comprehensively evaluated by principal component analysis and subordinate function method.【Result】With the increase of calcium concentration,the main root length,main root diameter and fresh weight of root of G.uralensis first increased and then decreased,and there was no significant difference among different treatments;the chlorophyll content,net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductance(Gs)and intercellular CO_(2)concentration(Ci)of G.uralensis leaves first increased and then decreased,the activity changes of superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and peroxidase(POD)first increased and then decreased.When 10 mmol/L calcium concentration was applied,the Tr,Pn,Gs,SOD and CAT activities reached peak values,and the Pn,Gs were significantly higher than that of the control(P<0.05).The MDA content first decreased and then increased with the increase of calcium concentration,and there was a significant difference among different calcium concentrations(P<0.05).When the calcium concentration was 10 mmol/L,the MDA content was the lowest.The comprehensive evaluation results showed that the average value of subordinate function was the maximum at 10 mmol/L treatment,which was 0.739.【Conclusion】The exogenous

关 键 词：甘草 外源钙 生理特性 隶属函数法 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]