高寒草地狼毒种群的空间分布特征及繁殖相关性状对其适合度的影响  

Effects of spatial distribution and reproductive traits on the fitness of Stellera chamaejasme in alpine grassland

作　　者：李彦宝 郑一凡 袁宗琦 张夺霖 陈海军 张勃[1] LI Yanbao;ZHENG Yifan;YUAN Zongqi;ZHANG Duoin;CHEN Haijun;ZHANG Bo(College of Grassland Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Inner Mongolia Academy of Science and Technology,Huhehot 010000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学草业学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]内蒙古科学技术研究院,内蒙古呼和浩特010000

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2024年第1期235-242,共8页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31960349)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究瑞香狼毒种群的分布格局特征、繁殖相关性状变异及其对狼毒繁殖适合度的影响。【方法】通过RTK定位技术(real-timekinematic)确定狼毒种群内不同个体的空间分布,根据狼毒株丛大小(即花序数量)划分3个株级:Ⅰ级株丛(花序数1~10枝)、Ⅱ级株丛(花序数11~20枝)和Ⅲ级株丛(花序数大于20枝),进而分析狼毒种群的年龄结构和种群密度特征以及个体表型性状与繁殖适合度的关系。【结果】该狼毒种群中,Ⅰ级幼龄株丛个体较多,占总统计量的79%,Ⅱ级株丛占14.4%,Ⅲ级成年株丛个体较少,占6.6%,种群的数量分布呈倒“J”型,存活曲线接近Deevey-Ⅱ型,种群总体呈现出增长型的年龄结构特征;该种群的空间分布格局主要呈集群分布,其中,幼龄和中龄个体的集群分布特征明显,而成年植株则有向随机分布发展的趋势;在花序水平,狼毒的繁殖适合度与种群密度(R^(2)=0.096,P=0.017)、花序密度(R^(2)=0.104,P=0.010)以及单花序花数量(R^(2)=0.172,P=0.001)性状间具有显著的正相关性,与株丛花序数(R^(2)=0.077,P=0.034)之间具有显著的负相关性,与株高之间无显著的相关关系。【结论】总体显示,该狼毒种群属于增长型发展模式,各年龄段的株丛均表现为集群分布的格局特征,其种群密度和个体的花产量、花的大小(花序数)均可明显影响其繁殖成功,但株高对个体的适合度影响不大。【Objective】To study the effects of spatial distribution and reproductive traits on the fitness of S.chamaejasme populations,and to explore the relationship between S.chamaejasme populations and environment at different successional stages.【Method】The spatial distribution characteristics of the S.chamaejasme population were studied using RTK(i.e.,Real-time kinematic)technology;the individuals were divided into three classes according to the number of inflorescences as follows:classⅠ(1~10 branches),classⅡ(11~20 branches),and classⅢ(more than 21 branches).Then,the age structure of the population and the relationship between the reproductive fitness with population density and phenotypic characteristics of individuals were analyzed.【Result】ClassⅠseedlings accounted for 79%of the individuals tested,classⅡseedlings for 14.4%,and classⅢseedlings for 6.6%.The distribution of individuals in different branches showed an inverted"J"curve,and the survival curve was DeeveyⅡ,reflecting an age structure of the growth stage of the population.Overall,the spatial distribution pattern of the population was characterized by cluster distribution,with slight differences among the three grades of individuals.The individuals for classesⅠandⅡwere obviously aggregated,while the adult plants tended to be randomly distributed.Individual reproductive fitness was significantly positively correlated with plant density(R^(2)=0.096,P=0.017),inflorescence density(R^(2)=0.104,P=0.010),and the number of flowers per inflorescence(R^(2)=0.172,P=0.001).There was a negative correlation between the fitness and plant size(i.e.,inflorescence number)(R^(2)=0.077,P=0.034),but not significant with plant height.【Conclusion】The S.chamaejasme population was characterized by the age structure of growth type and by spatial pattern of aggregation distribution,with significant effects of population density,plant size(i.e.,inflorescence number)and number of flowers per inflorescence on the fitness and no effect of plant height.

关 键 词：狼毒 年龄结构 空间分布格局 表型性状 繁殖适合度 

分 类 号：S812.6[农业科学—草业科学]