父亲的缺位——论《阿卡迪亚》中的知识逻辑与性别秩序  

The Absence of Fathers:On the Logic of Knowledge and the Gender Order in Arcadia

作　　者：胡耀元 王岚 HU Yaoyuan;WANG Lan

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学英语学院

出　　处：《广东外语外贸大学学报》2024年第4期88-97,共10页Journal of Guangdong University of Foreign Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“当代苏格兰戏剧研究”(19AWW008);国家社会科学基金重大项目“十六世纪英国文学研究”(22&ZD287)子课题“十六世纪英国戏剧研究”。

摘　　要：在当代英国剧作家汤姆·斯托帕德所著《阿卡迪亚》中,贵族家庭里父亲的缺席和学术场域中权威的消解具有某种相似性,不仅表明传统父权秩序走向了崩塌,更体现出以颠覆与重述为核心的知识逻辑。这种知识逻辑贯穿剧中人物对知识的追寻、认知与重构,其背后则是理性与感性以及人文与科学的结合。首先,生活在19世纪英国的贵族小姐托马西娜具有罕见的科学禀赋,亦怀揣热情与爱,拒绝接受传统性别角色。其次,以汉娜为代表的20世纪当代学者致力于挖掘尘封的历史,坚信在权威论断和主流观点之外,其实另有真相。最后,剧中的一众知识青年慢慢发觉,无论是盲目崇拜理性与逻辑,还是完全遵从自身激情与想象,都会导致对真实的扭曲和对学术事业的破坏,其经历揭示知识霸权的本质在于拒绝多元与差异,固守自封。随着情节发展,对立与冲突被化解,原有秩序下中心与边缘的二元对立消融。通过对比、再现发生在古今不同时空西德利庄园中的故事,斯托帕德构想了一个理性与感性有机结合、古典主义与浪漫主义交融碰撞的图景,指出在知识追寻与生产过程中,人们需要避免急功近利的学术浮夸,努力消除性别对立与学术霸权,以还原女性被父权话语遮蔽的才华,消解依仗传统权力话语关系的逻各斯中心话语体系。In the play Arcadia,written by the modern British playwright Tom Stoppard,the absence of fathers in an aristocratic family and the loss of authority in academia share a certain common trait,not only revealing the collapse of patriarchy,but also embodying a logic of knowledge,at the center of which are subversion and renarration.This logic of knowledge runs through the whole play,and illuminates the characters'pursuit of,challenge to and rebuilding of knowledge.Behind it is the integration of reason and passion,and of science and humanity.Firstly,Thomasina,an English young lady living in the 19th century and loving her life,is highly endowed in science.She refuses to accept the given gender role.Secondly,contemporary scholars living in the 2oth century,represented by Hannah,dedicate themselves to digging into the past,with the conviction that truths and light exist beyond authority and mainstream values.Last but not the least,the young intellectuals,in their research,have come to the realization that both sticking blindly to reason and logic,and adhering entirely to passion and imagination,can distort truths and do harm to their own research.Their stories show that the essence of knowledge hegemony is self-complacency,the dismissal of difference and the refusal of the multiplicity of ideas.Along with the plot development,conflicts are resolved,and the patriarchal binary oppositions between the centralized and the marginalized reconcile.By comparing and re-discovering the events taking place in Sidley Park in the past and the present,Stoppard has conceived of a prospect of organic integration of rationality and sensibility,of the Classical and the Romantic,pointing out that in the process of pursuing and producing knowledge,one must avoid academic frivolity aiming at quick success,and try to compromise gender binary oppositions and counteract academic hegemony,so as to restore the female talents who were rendered voiceless by a patriarchal society,and deconstruct the logocentric discourse system appertaining to the

关 键 词：汤姆·斯托帕德 《阿卡迪亚》 知识逻辑 性别秩序 父权制 

分 类 号：I106.3[文学—世界文学]