新疆托木尔峰国家级自然保护区大型地衣多样性及区系研究  

Macrolichen flora and diversity in Tuomuer Peak National Nature Reserve,Xinjiang,China

作　　者：雍海英 吐尔洪·努尔东 热衣木·马木提[1] 艾尼瓦尔·吐米尔[1] YONG Haiying;NURDUN Turgun;MAMUT Reyi;TUMUR Anwar(College of Life Science and Technology,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830046;Aksu Prefecture Tianshan National Forest Protection Center,Aksu 843000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学生命科学与技术学院,乌鲁木齐830046 [2]阿克苏地区天山国有林保护中心,阿克苏843000

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2024年第4期147-154,共8页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：新疆托木尔峰国家级自然保护区地衣、苔藓植物本底资源专项调查(子课题2:202306140010)资助。

摘　　要：为了解并有效保护新疆托木尔峰国家级自然保护区地衣资源,通过实地调查探究大型地衣种类组成和区系特征,从物种多样性、科属种类数量统计、区系成分等方面对保护区大型地衣进行研究。结果表明,截至目前该保护区共有大型地衣6目12科29属78种。其中,茶渍目、黄枝衣目和地卷目地衣占优势,共计9科25属71种,分别占该地区大型区系科属种总数的75%、86.2%和91%。优势科为梅衣科、蜈蚣衣科、地卷科、石蕊科、胶衣科和树花衣科,其种数占大型地衣种总数的82.1%。优势属为地卷属、石蕊属、黑蜈蚣衣属、树花属、胶衣属和黄梅属,其种数占大型地衣种总数的48.7%。保护区内大型地衣区系成分共分9种:世界广布成分、环北极成分、温带成分、泛热带成分、东亚成分、中亚成分、地中海-西亚-中亚成分、北欧-喜马拉雅-北美成分和中国特有成分。托木尔峰国家级自然保护区大型地衣区系中环北极和温带成分占优势,有少量的泛热带成分,区系具有复杂性和古老性特征。In order to further understand and effectively protect the lichen resources in Tomur Peak National Nature Reserve,Xinjiang,the species composition and faunal characteristics of macrolichen were explored through field investigation.The macrolichen in reserve was investigated for analyzing the species diversity and floristic elements.So far,the study found 78 macrolichen species belonging to 29 genera of 12 families.Among them the Lecanorales,Teloschistales and Peltigerales are dominated,and have 71 species belonging to 25 genera and 9 families,accounting for 75%,86.2%and 91%of the total families,genus and species of macrolichens in this area,respectively.The dominant families are Parmeliaceae,Physciaceae,Peltigeraceae,Cladoniaceae and Collemataceae,accounting for 82.1%of the total number of macrolichen species.The dominant generaare Collema Wigg,Cladonia Wigg,Peltigera Willd.nom.cons,Phaeophyscia Moberg,Ramalina Ach.and Xanthoparmelia(Vain.)Hale,accounting for 48.7%of the total number of species.The macrolichen flora in the region is divided into nine types:Cosmopolitan element,Circumpolar arctic element,Temperate element,Pantropical element,East Asia element,Middle Asian element,Mediterranean-West Asia-Middle Asia element,Scandinovia-Hymalaya-North American species,and Endemic to China.The marolichen flora of the reserve is dominated by arctic and temperate elements,with few number of pantropical elemets,owning the complexity and ancient charateristics.

关 键 词：大型地衣 物种多样性 区系成分 天山山脉 世界自然遗产 

分 类 号：Q949.34[生物学—植物学]