吉兰泰盐湖周边柽柳灌丛聚沙聚肥效应的研究  

Sand and fertilizeraccumulation effect of Tamarix chinensis shrub around Jilantai Salt Lake

作　　者：张琪 党晓宏 崔向新 迟旭 王磊 ZHANG Qi;DANG Xiaohong;CUI Xiangxin;CHI Xu;WANG Lei(College of Desert Control Science and Engineering,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学沙漠治理学院,呼和浩特010018

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2024年第4期155-161,共7页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41967009)资助。

摘　　要：柽柳灌丛是吉兰泰盐湖外围重要的植被类型,通过测定分析柽柳灌丛垂直剖面上不同深度土层机械组成和养分含量,探讨盐湖周边柽柳灌丛生长发育过程中的聚沙聚肥效应,分析结果表明:1)柽柳灌丛下伏0-20cm土层平均体积百分含量为黏粒13.44%、粉粒25.27%、极细沙2.97%、细沙4.63%,无粗沙和极粗沙;对照区(空地)粗沙、极粗沙体积百分含量分别为41.47%、29.47%,几乎没有细沙以下颗粒的出现,柽柳聚集细沙,粉砂,黏粒的作用明显。2)柽柳灌丛碱解氮(3.29mg·kg^(-1))、速效磷(2.85mg·kg^(-1))、速效钾含量(162.16mg·kg^(-1)),分别高于空地38.64%、47.59%、46.79%(p<0.05),聚肥效应明显。3)柽柳灌丛改土作用的能力与灌丛发育阶段有关。灌丛发育初期、中期、衰退期速效钾含量较空地分别增加28.41%、64.55%、47.41%,说明柽柳生长的中期阶段也是柽柳生长的旺盛期聚集细颗粒和肥力的能力最强。吉兰泰盐湖周边柽柳灌丛沙堆改土固沙作用的研究可为盐湖绿洲防护林的建设提供依据和技术参考。Tamarix chinensis shrub is an important vegetation type in the periphery of Jilantai Salt Lake,so,it is of theoretical and practical significance to explore the sand and fertilizer accumulation effect in the growth and development of T.chinensis shrub.By measuring and analyzing the vertical changes of mechanical composition and nutrient content of O-20cm soil layer in three growth stages of T.chinensis shrub,the results are drawn as follows:1)In middle development stage of the shrub,the average volume percentage of clay,silt,very fine sand and fine sand in the 0-20cm soil layer under the T.chinensis shrub are 13.44%,25.27%,2.97%and 4.63%,respectively.The volume percentage of coarse sand and extremely coarse sand in open space are 41.47%and 29.47%,respectively.T.chinensis shrub gathers the fine sand,silt,and clay,and the effect is obvious.2)The contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen(3.29mg·kg^(-1)),available phosphorus(2.85mg·kg^(-1))and available potassium(162.16mg·kg^(-1))in soil under T.chinensis shrub are significantly higher than those in open space by 38.64%,47.59%and 46.79%(p<0.05),respectively,that means the fertilizer accumulation effect is also obvious.3)The ability of soil improvement for T.chinensis shrub is related to the development stage of the shrub.The soil improvement ability is weaker in the early development stage of shrub,is the strongest in the vigorous growth stage(middle stage),and decreases in the recession period,but it is relatively slow.The content of available potassium in the early stage,middle stage and recession period of shrub increases by 28.41%,64.55%and 47.41%,respectively,compared with the control.The study on the effect of soil improvement and sand fixation of T.chinensis shrubs can provide basis and technical reference for the construction of salt lake oasis shelter forest.

关 键 词：土壤粒度特征 土壤养分 聚沙聚肥作用 柽柳灌丛 吉兰泰盐湖 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]