卡夫卡文学世界“儿子们”群像塑造  

The Group Portrait Shaping of "Sons" in the Literary World of Kafka

作　　者：盛百卉[1] SHENG Baihui(School of Humanities,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing,100088,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学人文学院,北京100088

出　　处：《文化创新比较研究》2024年第3期16-20,共5页Comparative Study of Cultural Innovation

摘　　要：该文聚焦于卡夫卡文学世界“儿子们”的群像塑造。通过童年经验分析卡夫卡心理长期处于恐惧状态的深层原因,并将其独特的“父子冲突”书写与奥匈帝国现代化进程中的不均衡转型相联系,提出卡夫卡笔下“自我矮化”的儿子群像正是他所置身其中的时代语境、族群境遇与家庭环境的文学呈现。作为表现主义德语文学运动边缘的作家,卡夫卡塑造的儿子群像具有特殊性,不是“儿子罢黜父亲”,而是“父亲罢黜儿子”。“儿子们”在水平社会流动与垂直社会流动层面取得的成就在父权之下毫无力量。这样的文学呈现也超越了个体体验上升为特定时代的群体体验。This paper focuses on the group portrait shaping of the"sons"in Kafka's literary world.It analyzes the underlying reasons for Kafka's long-term state of fear through his childhood experience,and links his unique"conflict between father and son"writing with the unbalanced modernization transformation of the Austro-Hungary Empire.This paper proposes that the"Self Dwarfing"group of sons in Kafka's works is a literary presentation of the historical context,ethnic situation,and family circumstance in which he is involved.As a writer on the edge of the Expressionist German literary movement,Kafka's portrayal of a group of sons is unique,not"sons overthrowing fathers",but"fathers overthrowing sons".The achievements of"sons"in horizontal and vertical social mobility are powerless under patriarchy.And this literary presentation also transcends individual experiences and rises to group experiences of specific eras.

关 键 词：卡夫卡 “永远的儿子” “父子冲突” “自我矮化” 水平社会流动 垂直社会流动 现代化转型 

分 类 号：I106[文学—世界文学]