矩形平面气承式膜结构平均风荷载与风响应特性研究  

Research on Mean Wind Load and Wind Response Characteristics of Air-Supported Membrane Structures with Rectangular Plane

作　　者：武岳[1,2] 张时为 赵军宾 Yue Wu;Shiwei Zhang;Junbin Zhao(Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China;School of Civil Engineering,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China;The Third Construction Co.,Ltd.,of China Construction First Group,Beijing 100161,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,哈尔滨150090 [2]哈尔滨工业大学土木工程学院,哈尔滨150090 [3]中建一局集团第三建筑有限公司,北京100161

出　　处：《钢结构（中英文）》2024年第2期50-57,共8页Steel Construction（Chinese & English）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52078163)。

摘　　要：气承式膜结构是典型的风敏感结构,在风荷载作用下膜面会产生较大变形,抗风问题是制约膜结构发展的重要因素。为了研究矩形平面气承式膜结构的风荷载特性,设计并制作了6个不同的刚性模型,利用尖劈、粗糙元和锯齿挡板对A、B、C共3类地貌进行模拟,在大气边界层风洞中进行了矩形平面气承式膜结构刚性模型测压试验,分析了风向、矢跨比、长宽比以及地面粗糙度等因素对结构表面平均风压分布的影响,并计算了结构在不同风向角下的风力系数。基于风洞试验获得的风荷载数据,在有限元软件ABAQUS中对原型尺寸的矩形平面气承式膜结构进行了风振响应分析,膜面选用M3D4R单元建模,拉索选用T3D2单元建模,研究了不同风向角下结构的平均风响应特性,总结了风荷载作用下膜面的位移及应力分布规律,确定了出现位移极值及应力极值的位置,最后提出了适用于矩形平面气承式膜结构的风荷载体型系数分区方案,并给出了不同分区的建议取值。研究表明:矩形平面气承式膜结构的平均风压系数受风向和结构长宽比的影响较大,受地面粗糙度影响较小;长宽比越小,上吸区的风压越小;随矢跨比增加,迎风区正风压系数增加,上吸区负风压减小;0°风向角下矩形平面气承式膜结构的风力系数最大;0°及45°风向角下,矩形平面气承式膜结构的迎风面及顶部变形较大,90°风向角下迎风面变形较大而顶部变形较小;0°及90°风向角下,结构两侧与中部连接的凸起部位应力较大,45°风向角下迎风面拐角处出现明显褶皱并伴随应力集中;0°风向角下位移及应力均最大,90°风向角下位移及应力均最小;建议0°和90°风向角下矩形平面气承式膜结构风荷载体型系数采用5分区形式,45°风向下采用7分区;0°及90°风向角下结构分区风荷载体型系数受矢跨比影响明显,45°风向下结构分区风荷载体�Inflatable membrane structures are typical wind sensitive structures,and the membrane surface will undergo significant deformation under wind load.Wind resistance is an important factor restricting the development of membrane structures.In order to study the wind load characteristics of inflatable membrane structures with rectangular plane,six different rigid models were designed and manufactured.Three types of landforms,A,B,and C,were simulated using wedges,rough elements,and serrated baffles.The pressure tests of the rigid models with rectangular plane were carried out in the atmospheric boundary layer wind tunnel,and the effects of wind direction,rise-span ratio,length-width ratio and ground roughness on the mean wind pressure distribution were analyzed,and the wind coefficient of the structure was calculated at different wind directions.Based on wind load data obtained from wind tunnel tests,wind vibration response analysis was conducted on a prototype sized inflatable membrane structure with rectangular plane by the finite element software ABAQUS.The membrane surface was modeled using M3D4R elements,and the cable was modeled using T3D2 elements.The mean wind response characteristics of the structure under different wind directions were studied,and the displacement and stress distribution patterns of the membrane surface under wind load were summarized.The locations where the displacement and stress extremes occurred were determined.Finally,a partition scheme for wind load shape coefficient applicable to inflatable membrane structures with rectangular plane was proposed,and suggested values for different partitions were given.The results show that the mean wind pressure coefficient distribution of inflatable membrane structures with rectangular plane is greatly affected by the wind direction and the length-width ratio of the structure,but less affected by the ground roughness.As the length-width ratio decreases,the wind pressure in the upper suction area decreases.As the rise-span ratio increases,the positive

关 键 词：气承式膜结构 风洞试验 非线性有限元分析 平均风响应 分区风荷载体型系数 

分 类 号：TU312.1[建筑科学—结构工程] TU383