补充营养和微量元素对烟蚜茧蜂寄生能力及生长发育相关酶的影响  

Effects of supplemental nutrition and trace elements on the parasitic ability of Aphidius gifuensis(Hymenoptera:Braconidae)and growth and development-related enzymes

作　　者：赖荣泉 韩梦 顾钢[2] 周挺[2] 张榜 赖宇飞 杨晨 LAI Rong-Quan;HAN Meng;GU Gang;ZHOU Ting;ZHANG Bang;LAI Yu-Fei;YANG Chen(State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops,Biological Control Research Institute,College of Plant Protection,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;Fujian Province Corporation of China National Tobacco Corporation,Fuzhou 350003,China;College of Plant Protection,Shandong Agricultural University,Tai′an 271018,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学植物保护学院生物防治研究所,闽台作物有害生物生态防控国家重点实验室,福州350002 [2]中国烟草总公司福建省公司,福州350003 [3]山东农业大学植物保护学院,泰安271018

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2024年第2期203-212,共10页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：福建省自然科学基金面上项目(2017J01617,2020J01523);中国烟草总公司福建省公司项目(2021350000240017,2022350000240069);福建农林大学科技创新基金项目(CXZX2020013A);中国国家留学基金项目(202008350060)。

摘　　要：【目的】烟蚜茧蜂Aphidius gifuensis作为烟蚜Myzus persicae的一种优势寄生蜂,被广泛用于生产,但在烟蚜茧蜂大规模扩繁的过程中,饲养多代后常常会出现寄生能力下降、体型变小等问题。本研究旨在通过测定分析补充不同浓度营养成分和微量元素对退化烟蚜茧蜂成蜂寄生烟蚜时的寄生率、子代成蜂体型和子代成蜂中生长发育相关酶(酚氧化酶和羧酸酯酶)含量与活性的影响,筛选出复壮效果最好的复壮方式。【方法】室内挑选饲养至10代后出现明显种群退化的烟蚜茧蜂成蜂饲喂不同浓度(5%, 10%和20%)营养成分(蜂蜜、葡萄糖和蔗糖)及不同浓度(0.25, 0.5, 1, 2和4 mg/L)的微量元素(Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn和Co)溶液,测定寄生率、子代成蜂体型及子代成蜂羧酸酯酶和酚氧化酶的含量和活性。【结果】在补充营养试验中,10%蜂蜜溶液对烟蚜茧蜂的复壮效果最好,使寄生率比对照组(纯净水)提高了28.00%,但对烟蚜茧蜂子代成蜂体型的影响不显著;饲喂10%葡萄糖组烟蚜茧蜂子代成蜂羧酸酯酶含量最高,比对照组提高了38.00%;饲喂10%蔗糖组烟蚜茧蜂子代成蜂羧酸酯酶活性最高,是对照组的3倍;饲喂10%蔗糖组烟蚜茧蜂子代成蜂酚氧化酶含量最高,比对照组提高了56.00%;饲喂10%葡萄糖组烟蚜茧蜂子代成蜂酚氧化酶活性最高,是对照组的1.3倍。补充微量元素试验中,补充1 mg/L Fe对烟蚜茧蜂的复壮效果最好,使寄生率比对照组提高了25.33%,但对其子代成蜂体型的影响不显著;烟蚜茧蜂子代成蜂羧酸酯酶含量也最高,比对照组提高了50.00%。各微量元素饲喂组烟蚜茧蜂子代成蜂羧酸酯酶的活性均低于对照组;饲喂1 mg/L Zn组烟蚜茧蜂子代成蜂酚氧化酶含量最高,和对照组相比提高了29.31%;饲喂1 mg/L Mn组子代成蜂酚氧化酶活性最高,是对照组的1.51倍。【结论】生产上可对退化的烟蚜茧蜂种群补充饲喂10%蜂蜜水或补充1 mg/【Aim】Aphidius gifuensis,as a dominant parasitic wasp of Myzus persicae,has been widely used in production.However,during the propagation of A.gifuensis on a large scale,many problems such as reduced parasitic ability and smaller body size often occur after multiple generations of breeding.The purpose of this study is to screen the best rejuvenation methods by detecting and analyzing the effects of supplementing different concentrations of nutrients and trace elements on the parasitism rates and offspring adult size of A.gifuensis adults on M.persicae,and the contents and activities of growth and development-related enzymes in adults of the offspring of A.gifuensis.【Methods】A.gifuensis adults of the degenerated population after being reared in laboratory for 10 generations were fed with solutions of different concentrations(5%,10%and 20%)of nutrients(honey,glucose and sucrose),and different concentrations(0.25,0.5,1,2 and 4 mg/L)of trace elements including Cu,Fe,Zn,Mn and Co,the parasitism rate and offspring adult size,and the contents and activities of carboxylesterase(CarE)and phenoloxidase(PO)in adults of the offspring were determined.【Results】In supplemental nutrition experiments,10%honey solution had the best rejuvenation effect on A.gifuensis,causing the parasitism rate to increase by 28.00%compared with the control(purified water),but had no significant effect on the offspring adult size.In the group fed with 10%glucose,the CarE content in adults of the offspring of A.gifuensis was the highest,which was 38.00%higher than that in the control group.The CarE activity in adults of the offspring of A.gifuensis in the group fed with 10%sucrose was the highest,which was 3-fold as high as that in the control group.In the group fed with 10%sucrose,the phenoloxidase content in adults of the offspring of A.gifuensis was the highest,which was 56.00%higher than that in the control group.The highest phenoloxidase activity in adults of the offspring of A.gifuensis was found in the group fed with 10%glucose,bei

关 键 词：烟蚜茧蜂 烟蚜 寄生能力 羧酸酯酶 酚氧化酶 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]