高温处理对七星瓢虫生长发育及繁殖的影响  

Effects of high temperature treatment on the growth,development and reproduction of Coccinella septempunctata(Coleoptera:Coccinidae)

作　　者：伍兴隆 余佳敏 刘国 刘东阳 江连强 郭仕平[3] 李斌[3] 肖科军 刘虹伶[1] 杨明禄[2] 蒲德强[1] WU Xing-Long;YU Jia-Min;LIU Guo;LIU Dong-Yang;JIANG Lian-Qiang;GUO Shi-Ping;LI Bin;XIAO Ke-Jun;LIU Hong-Ling;YANG Ming-Lu;PU De-Qiang(Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province,Institute of Plant Protection,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu 610066,China;College of Plant Science,Tarim University,Alar 843300,China;Sichuan Tobacco Company,Chengdu 610041,China;Liangshan Municipal Tobacco Company,Xichang 615000,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院植物保护研究所,蔬菜种质与品种创新四川省重点实验室,成都610066 [2]塔里木大学植物科学学院,阿拉尔843300 [3]四川省烟草公司,成都610041 [4]四川省烟草公司凉山州公司,西昌615000

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2024年第2期223-234,共12页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划支持项目“天敌昆虫资源发掘利用与新产品创制”(2023YFD1400600);四川省烟草公司重点科技项目“天敌昆虫防治媒介害虫技术研究与应用”(SCYC202212);四川省现代农业产业技术体系茶叶创新团队“茶园病虫绿色防控技术研究与应用”(sccxtd-2020-10)。

摘　　要：【目的】明确高温处理对七星瓢虫Coccinella septempunctata生长发育及繁殖的影响。【方法】基于设施环境内两个代表区域(植株覆盖层和植株上表层)的高温现状,利用人工气候箱模拟设施高温环境,测定不同高温(37和42℃)(恒温)及其组合(变温)对七星瓢虫生长发育及繁殖的影响试验,并使用年龄-龄期两性生命表TWOSEX-MSChart等软件对生长发育、繁殖力、存活率等生命表参数数据进行分析处理。【结果】温度越高和高温持续时间越长,七星瓢虫的发育越快,寿命越短,生殖力越低。七星瓢虫在42℃恒温和25~42℃变温条件下无法完成发育,其寿命分别为3.43和4.70 d;在37℃恒温条件下可以完成发育,但生殖力为0,未成熟期为11.67 d,成虫寿命为7.75 d,初羽化成虫体重为0.0207 g,均显著低于对照(25℃恒温下的)的相应指标(分别为未成熟期17.64 d,成虫寿命51.51 d,初羽化成虫体重0.0277 g);25~37℃变温条件下七星瓢虫可以发育和繁殖,但卵的孵化率为0,未成熟期为15.16 d,成虫寿命为22.84 d,产卵期为4.57 d,产卵量为41.86粒/雌,初羽化成虫体重为0.0220 g,总生殖率(gross reproductive rate, GRR)为17.213,内禀增长率(r_m)为0.072 d~(-1),周限增长率(λ)为1.075 d~(-1),净增殖率(R_0)为5.749,平均世代周期(T)为21.188 d,均显著低于对照的相应指标(分别为产卵期28.28 d,产卵量1 410.52粒/雌,初羽化成虫体重0.0277 g,总生殖率708.110,内禀增长率0.256 d~(-1),周限增长率1.293 d~(-1),净增殖率673.205,世代周期25.304 d);特殊地,25~37℃变温下的3龄幼虫历期(2.19 d)显著长于对照(1.89 d),而37℃恒温下的3龄幼虫历期(1.15 d)显著短于对照,25~37℃变温下的成虫产卵前期(APOP)长于对照,但二者无显著性差异。【结论】七星瓢虫无法适应42℃恒温和25~42℃变温条件,可以适应37℃恒温和25~37℃变温条件,但37℃恒温条件不能生殖,25~37℃变温条件下产卵量显著降低,且卵�【Aim】To clarify the effects of high temperature treatment on the growth,development and reproduction of the seven-spot ladybird,Coccinella septempunctata.【Methods】Based on the high temperature status of the two representative areas(plant cover and plant upper surface)in the facility environment,the artificial climate chamber was used to simulate the above high temperature environment,and the effects of different high temperatures(37 and 42℃)(constant temperatures)and their combinations(variable temperatures)on the growth,development and reproduction of C.septempunctata were determined,and the data of life table parameters such as growth and development,fertility and survival rate were analyzed and processed using software such as the age-stage,two-sex life table TWOSEX-MSChart.【Results】The higher the temperature and the longer the duration of the high temperature,the faster the development of C.septempunctata,the shorter the longevity,and the lower the fecudity.Under the constant temperature 42℃and variable temperatures 25-42℃,C.septempunctata could not complete development,and its longevity was 3.43 and 4.70 d,respectively;under the constant temperature 37℃,C.septempunctata could complete development,but the fecudity was 0,the immature duration was 11.67 d,the adult longevity was 7.75 d,and the body weight of the newly emerged adult was 0.0207 g,which were significantly lower than the corresponding indicators of the control(under the constant temperature 25℃)(the immature duration was 17.64 d,the adult longevity was 51.51 d,and the body weight of the newly emerged adult was 0.0277 g,respectively).Under the variable temperatures 25-37℃,C.septempunctata could develop and reproduce,but the hatching rate of eggs was 0,the immature duration was 15.16 d,the adult longevity was 22.84 d,the oviposition period was 4.57 d,the fecundity was 41.86 grains/female,the body weight of the newly emerged adult was 0.0220 g,the gross reproductive rate(GRR)was 17.213,the intrinsic rate of increase(r m)was 0.0

关 键 词：七星瓢虫 温度 设施环境 生物防治 年龄-龄期两性生命表 

分 类 号：Q968[生物学—昆虫学]