不同尺寸和结构的烟梗吸湿特性及其成因  

Moisture Absorption Characteristics and Causes of Tobacco Stem with Different Sizes and Structures

作　　者：江威[1] 郭中雅 卢浥良[1] 陈然 徐培刚[1] 程棉昌 王智润 李斌[2] JIANG Wei;GUO Zhongya;LU Yiliang;CHEN Ran;XU Peigang;CHENG Mianchang;WANG Zhirun;LI Bin(Technology Center,China Tobacco Guangdong Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510145,China;Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China Tobacco,Zhengzhou 450001,China)

机构地区：[1]广东中烟工业有限责任公司技术中心,广东广州510145 [2]中国烟草总公司郑州烟草研究院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第1期184-190,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：广东中烟工业有限责任公司科技项目(粤烟工科任[2017]-22号)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究细梗、中等梗、拐头的吸湿特性及其成因,以优化不同尺寸和结构的烟梗分组加工技术。【方法】采用自主研制的烟梗热湿特性分析装置考察3种烟梗的吸湿特性,使用扫描电镜观测样品表皮和梗横断面的微观结构,利用连续流动分析仪检测烟梗的化学组成。【结果】细梗、中等梗、拐头吸湿能力依次降低,随着空气湿度的增大,吸湿速率和平衡含水率增大,其吸湿曲线符合Weibull模型。细梗、中等梗、拐头表皮的气孔数量依次减少;中等梗和细梗横断面的气孔明显大于拐头的气孔。细梗、中等梗、拐头的总糖、还原糖和总植物碱含量依次减少,蛋白质含量依次增加。【结论】细梗、中等梗、拐头的吸湿速率与其孔隙发达程度正相关,且吸湿速率随着空气湿度的增大而增大;拐头、中等梗、细梗的平衡含水率依次增大,原因是其总糖(或还原糖)含量依次增大,提供了更多的水分吸附位点。不同尺寸和结构烟梗的吸湿特性差异明显,有必要按照尺寸和结构对烟梗进行分组加工。[Purpose]To study the moisture absorption characteristics of slim stem,medium stem,and stalk epidemis flap,so as to optimize the grouping processing technology of tobacco stem with different sizes and structures.[Methods]The moisture absorption characteristics of three types of stem were tested with a self-made device for analyzing heat and moisture characteristics of tobacco stem,the microstructure of the epidermis and cross-section of the stems were observed with a scanning electron microscope,and the chemical composition of tobacco stem was detected by continuous flow analyzer.[Results]The moisture absorption capacity of slim stem,medium stem and stalk epidemis flap decreased in turn.With the increase of air humidity,the moisture absorption rate and the equilibrium moisture content increased.The moisture absorption curve could be effectively fitted by Weibull model.The number of pore in the epidermis of slim stem,medium stem and stalk epidemis flap decreased in turn;the pore size of cross-section medium stems and slim stems was obviously larger than that of stalk epidemis flap.The contents of total sugar,reducing sugar and total alkaloids in slim stem,medium stem and stalk epidemis flap decreased in turn,while the content of protein increased in turn.[Conclusion]The moisture absorption rates of slim stem,medium stem,and stalk epidemis flap are positively related to their pore development,and their moisture absorption rates increase with the increase of air humidity.The equilibrium moisture content of stalk epidemis flap,medium stem,and slim stem increases in turn,because the total sugar or reducing sugar content increases in turn,providing more water absorption sites.Therefore,the moisture absorption characteristics of tobacco stems with different sizes and structures are obviously different.It is necessary to group the tobacco stems according to their sizes and structures.

关 键 词：烟梗 吸湿特性及成因 烟梗结构 化学组成 Weibull模型 

分 类 号：S572.01[农业科学—烟草工业]