生态型微生物燃料电池同步脱氮产电效能  

AN ECO-TYPE MICROBIAL FUEL CELL FOR SIMULTANEOUS ELECTRICITY GENERATION AND NITROGEN REMOVAL

作　　者：刘慎坦 王祚 LIU Shentan;WANG Zuo(College of Geology and Environment,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,China;Faculty of Engineering,Lund University,Lund SE-22100,Sweden)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学地质与环境学院,西安710054 [2]隆德大学工程学院,瑞典隆德SE-22100

出　　处：《环境工程》2023年第12期116-122,149,共8页Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(21806128);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2019JQ-300)。

摘　　要：生态型微生物燃料电池(ecotype-microbial fuel cell,E-MFC)是1种将微生物燃料电池(microbial fuel cell,MFC)与水生动植物结合在一起的新型废水处理技术。为研究E-MFC中微生物、水生植物和底栖动物之间的共生协同作用,设置了沉积物MFC(sediment-microbial fuel cell,S-MFC)、湿地植物MFC(wetland plant-microbial fuel cell,WP-MFC,种植水生植物)和生态型MFC(E-MFC,引入水生植物和底栖动物)3种反应装置,分别测试了其产电能力和脱氮效果,考察了水力停留时间(HRT)和阴极曝气流量对E-MFC脱氮产电效能的影响,并探讨了脱氮机理。结果表明:EMFC脱氮产电性能均优于其他2种。在处理相同量的有机废水时,E-MFC的最大产电功率密度比S-MFC和WP-MFC分别高129.4%和47.2%,NH+4-N去除率分别高37.6百分点和11.2百分点,E-MFC的NO-3-N去除率可达96%以上。进一步研究表明,当HRT为72 h,进水流量为0.50 L/d时,E-MFC获得最高产电电压为463 mV,此时输出功率密度为27.31 mW/m^(2)。当曝气流量为60 L/h时,E-MFC的最大输出功率密度可达38.12 mW/m^(2)。E-MFC中水生动物扰动等活动增强了氧传质、有机质分解和养分循环,为植物生长提供了充足的营养物质,同时植物根系泌氧也为根际微生物的生长和代谢维持了良好的环境条件。E-MFC中微生物、水生植物和底栖动物形成了一种相互促进、协同作用的关系,从而强化了水体中氮的去除。E-MFC作为可回收电能的新型生态修复技术,在污水处理领域具有良好的发展前景。Ecotype-microbial fuel cell(E-MFC)is a novel wastewater treatment technology that combines microbial fuel cell(MFC)with aquatic animals and plants.To study the symbiotic synergy among"microorganisms,aquatic plants and benthic animals"in E-MFC,a series of reactors consisting of sediment MFC(S-MFC),wetland plant MFC(WP-MFC,planting aquatic plants)and ecotype-MFC(E-MFC,introducing aquatic plants and benthic animals)were set up in this experiment,to test their electricity production capacity and nitrogen removal effects.The effects of hydraulic retention time(HRT)and cathode aeration on nitrogen removal and electricity production of the E-MFC were investigated,and the main nitrogen removal mechanisms were discussed.The results showed that the nitrogen removal and electricity production performance of the E-MFC were better than the other two reactors.When treating the same amount of organic wastewater,the maximum power density of E-MFC was 129.4%and 47.2%higher than that of S-MFC and WP-MFC,ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency was 37.6%and 11.2%higher,respectively,and nitrate nitrogen removal efficiency reached 96%above.Further research showed that when HRT was 72 h and water inflow was 0.50 L/d,the E-MFC obtained the highest output voltage of 463 mV,and the corresponding output power density was 27.31 mW/m^(2).When the cathodic aeration rate was 60 L/h,the maximum output power reached 38.12 mW/m^(2).In the E-MFC,the disturbance and other activities of aquatic animals enhanced oxygen mass transfer,organic matter decomposition,and nutrient cycling,providing sufficient nutrients for plant growth.In addition,root oxygen secretion also maintained good environmental conditions for the growth and metabolism of rhizosphere microorganisms.Microorganisms,aquatic plants,and benthic animals in the E-MFC formed a relationship of mutual promotion and synergy,thus strengthening the removal of nitrogen from wastewater.As a new ecological restoration technology,E-MFC can recover electric energy and have a good development prospect in

关 键 词：生态型微生物燃料电池 脱氮 产电 人工湿地 水力停留时间 

分 类 号：TM911.45[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]