结核病健康教育对我国四省大学生结核病防治知识、信念和行为的影响分析  

Analysis of the influence of receiving health education on knowledge,belief and behavior of college students in four provinces in China

作　　者：倪帅虎 王嘉[2] 陈钢 董龙雨 王倪[2] 罗小峰[1] 屈燕[2] 赵雁林[2] Ni Shuaihu;Wang Jia;Chen Gang;Dong Longyu;Wang Ni;Luo Xiaofeng;Qu Yan;ZhaoYanlin(School of Public Health,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing 102206,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学公共卫生学院,兰州730000 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心结核病预防控制中心,北京102206

出　　处：《中国防痨杂志》2024年第4期433-439,共7页Chinese Journal of Antituberculosis

基　　金：大学生志愿者结核病防控倡导及助力患者发现项目(0554)。

摘　　要：目的:分析结核病健康教育对我国大学生结核病防治知识、信念和行为的影响,为进一步提升学校结核病健康教育效果提供依据。方法:采用分层整群抽样的方法,抽取大学生样本,使用自行设计的问卷对一、二年级的大学生进行调查。采用单因素和多因素logistic回归模型对大学生结核病健康教育接受率的差异进行分析。结果:研究共收集18438份问卷,获得有效问卷17491份,问卷有效率为94.86%(17491/18438)。大学生结核病核心知识总知晓率为82.20%(115019/139928)。调查对象接受过结核病健康教育者占82.99%(14516/17491),接受过结核病健康教育的大学生结核病核心知识总知晓率(83.62%,97111/116128)高于未接受过结核病健康教育的大学生(75.24%,17908/23800),但是在接受过结核病健康教育的大学生中,“肺结核是慢性传染病”“绝大多数肺结核患者可以治愈”和“开窗通风有利于预防结核分枝杆菌传播”的知晓率普遍较低,分别为54.59%(7924/14516)、76.77%(11144/14516)和77.24%(11212/14516)。相比于未接受过结核病健康教育的大学生,接受过结核病健康教育的大学生的结核病防治信念较好,但是在接受过结核病健康教育的大学生中,认为自己可能有患结核病的风险的大学生普遍较少,仅占48.44%(7032/14516)。相比于未接受过结核病健康教育的大学生,接受过结核病健康教育的大学生在不吸烟[95.12%(13807/14516)和93.08%(2769/2975)]、咳嗽打喷嚏时用手肘/纸巾遮挡口鼻[98.73%(14332/14516)和96.77%(2879/2975)]、不熬夜[35.09%(5093/14516)和25.92%(771/2975)]方面的结核病健康行为较多;但是在接受过结核病健康教育的大学生中,经常熬夜和睡眠时间不足的大学生仍普遍存在,分别占64.91%(9423/14516)和54.99%(7983/14516)。大学生接受结核病健康教育情况与性别、专业和结核病患者接触史有关,其中大学女生(OR=1.20,95%CI:1.10~1.30)、医学专业大学�Objective:To analyze the effects of tuberculosis(TB)health education on the knowledge,belief and behavior of TB prevention and control among Chinese college students,and to provide evidence for further improving the effect of school health education on TB.Methods:Stratified cluster sampling method was used to sample college students,a self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate college students in the first and second grades.Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to analyze differences in the acceptance rate of TB health education among college students.Results:A total of 18438 questionnaire were collected,and 17491 pieces of valid questionnaire were retrieved,with an effective rate of 94.86%(17491/18438).The total awareness rate of core knowledge of TB was 82.20%(115019/139928),and 82.99%(14516/17491)of the students had received health education on TB among whom the total awareness rate of the core knowledge of TB(83.62%,97111/116128)was higher than that of the college students who had not received TB health education(75.24%,17908/23800).However,among the college students who had received TB health education,the awareness rates of“TB is a chronic infectious disease”,“The vast majority of TB patients can be cured”and“Opening windows and ventilation are conducive to preventing the spread of TB bacteria”were generally low which were 54.59%(7924/14516),76.77%(11144/14516)and 77.24%(11212/14516),respectively.The college students who had received TB health education had a better belief in TB prevention and control compared with those who had not.However,even for those who had received TB health education,the number of students who thought they might be at risk of TB was generally lower,accounting for only 48.44%(7032/14516).Compared with those who had not received TB health education,students who had received TB health education had better TB health behaviors,such as not smoking(95.12%(13807/14516)vs.93.08%(2769/2975)),cough or sneeze with elbow/tissue covering nose and

关 键 词：结核 学生 健康知识 态度 实践 因素分析 统计学 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R52[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]