胡芦巴的本草文献研究  

Literature Research on Herbal Medicine of Fenugreek

作　　者：吴挺超 何茗苠 岳仁宋[2] 罗权[1] 冯皓月 吴绍祺 温川飙[3] Wu Tingchao;He Mingmin;Yue Rensong;Luo Quan;Feng Haoyue;Wu Shaoqi;Wen Chuanbiao(Chengdu Second People's Hospital,Chengdu 610011,China;Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 610072,China;Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Chengdu 610075,China)

机构地区：[1]成都市第二人民医院,成都610011 [2]成都中医药大学附属医院,成都610072 [3]成都中医药大学,成都610075

出　　处：《世界科学技术-中医药现代化》2023年第12期4009-4016,共8页Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会面上项目(82174236):基于数据湖技术的疾病主客观征象及生物信息“分层特征关联网络”的发现及算法研究——糖尿病为例,负责人:温川飙。

摘　　要：胡芦巴是一味极具开发前景的中药。目前关于其成分提取、质量标准、炮制工艺及药理作用等方面的报道较多,而针对相关古籍记载进行梳理分析的研究尚欠缺。人们对胡芦巴的本草学认识尚存在争议及不全面之处。本研究通过系统查阅古代典籍,首次对胡芦巴的名称、基原、炮制及性能(包括性味、归经、功效、主治、毒性和禁忌)进行了全面考证,为进一步开发利用和深入研究中药胡芦巴提供本草学参考。研究发现胡芦巴有苦豆、芦巴、胡巴、季豆等多个别名。基于分析历代典籍对胡芦巴植物原形的描述及附图,认为古今药用胡芦巴为同一植物品种的可能性较大。除了目前通用的盐炙法,古籍还记载了炒法、蒸法、焙法、煅法等8种胡芦巴的炮制手段。性能考证得出其性味温热,味苦甘辛,归肾、胃、肝、膀胱经。除了药典记载的效用外,本研究还补充了胡芦巴的“聪耳明目、引火归元”功效和“腹胁胀满”主治。毒性及禁忌考证发现历代本草均记载胡芦巴无毒,但是实热证、阴虚证、孕妇应当谨慎使用。Fenugreek is a kind of Chinese herbal medicine with great development prospects.At present,there are many modern reports on its components extraction,quality standards,processing technology and pharmacological effects.However,there is still a lack of research on sorting out and analyzing the relevant ancient records,and people′s herbological cognition of fenugreek is still controversial and incomplete.In this study,through systematic review and analysis of ancient records,the names,original plant,processing methods and properties(including nature,flavor,meridian tropism,action,application,toxicity and contraindication)of fenugreek were comprehensively verified for the first time,which provided a herbological reference for further development,utilization and in-depth study of Fenugreek.It is found that fenugreek has several names such as Kudou,Luba,Huba and Jidou.Based on analyzing the descriptions and pictures of fenugreek original plant in ancient records,there is a strong likelihood that the ancient and modern medicinal fenugreek belong to the same species.In addition to the current common method of stir-frying with salt solution,the ancient books also recorded eight processing methods of fenugreek,such as stir-frying,steaming,baking,and calcining.According to the research of properties,it is found that fenugreek is warm-hot in nature,bitter,sweet,and pungent in flavor,and attributive to the kidney,stomach,liver and bladder meridians.In addition to the efficacy recorded in pharmacopoeia,this study also complemented fenugreek′s actions of"improving hearing and eyesight,guiding fire to origin"and application of"fullness and discomfort in abdomen and hypochondrium".According to the textual research of toxicity and contraindication,fenugreek has been recorded as non-toxic in the past dynasties,but it should be used cautiously in the excess-heat syndrome,Yin deficiency syndrome,and pregnant women.

关 键 词：胡芦巴 本草考证 基原 炮制 性能 

分 类 号：R282.71[医药卫生—中药学]