喷施CaCl_(2)对温室甜樱桃“美早”缓解裂果的机制分析  

Mechanism Analysis of Foliar Application of CaCl_(2) on Relieving Cracking of Sweet Cherry‘Tieton’in the Greenhouse

作　　者：张立恒 ZHANG Li-heng(Dalian Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Dalian,Liaoning 116023)

机构地区：[1]大连市农业科学研究院,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2024年第6期47-50,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：大连市科技创新基金项目(2022JJ13SN095);辽宁省科技厅揭榜挂帅(科技攻关专项)项目(2021JH1/10400037)。

摘　　要：探讨温室甜樱桃“美早”裂果易发生时期和喷施CaCl_(2)缓解裂果的作用机制,为合理缓解温室甜樱桃裂果发生提供理论依据。以温室甜樱桃“美早”作为研究对象,在果实硬核期进行叶面连续喷施4次0.5%的CaCl_(2),分析转色期(第Ⅰ时期)、生理成熟期(第Ⅱ时期)和成熟期(第Ⅲ时期)裂果率、果实品质(单果重、硬度、可溶性糖含量和苹果酸含量)和果实内含物(Ca含量和果胶酶活性及总果胶含量)的变化。结果表明,温室甜樱桃“美早”裂果的主要发生时期在第Ⅰ时期,喷施CaCl_(2)能有效缓解裂果率。果实第Ⅲ时期,喷施CaCl_(2)使果实硬度和可溶性糖含量分别显著增加。喷施CaCl_(2)显著增加了果实中的Ca含量,其通过改变果实中果胶酶活性及总果胶含量,增加了果实细胞间连接强度,最终实现抵抗裂果的作用。Discussion on the cracking period of sweet cherry‘Tieton’in greenhouse and mechanism of foliar application of CaCl_(2) on relieving cracking will provide the theoretical basis for effective prevention and mitigation of the fruit cracking in production.Sweet cherry‘Tieton’in the greenhouse were taken as testing materials.In the hardening stage,foliar application of 0.5%CaCl_(2) with four times were conducted.The cracking rate,fruit quality(fruit weight,firmness,soluble sugar content and L-malic acid content)and fruit characters(Ca content,pectinase activity and total pectin content)were analysed at color-changed stage(stage I),physiological maturity stage(stage II)and maturity stage(stage III)under different treatment methods.Fruit cracking of sweet cherry‘Tieton’in the greenhouse was mainly occurred during the stage I.The fruit cracking after foliar application of CaCl_(2) were significantly reduced.The analysis of fruit quality of the stage III showed that fruit firmness and soluble sugar content under foliar application of CaCl_(2) treatment were significantly increased.Under the foliar application of CaCl_(2) treatment,the content of Ca was significantly increased,and the pectinase activity and total pectin content were significantly changed,and increased the strength of intercellular connections,ultimately achieving resistance to fruit cracking.

关 键 词：甜樱桃 裂果 CaCl_(2) 

分 类 号：S662.5[农业科学—果树学]