3D扼流圈天线和普通高增益天线在海洋GNSS观测中的性能对比  

Performance comparison of 3D choke-ring antennas and conventional high-gain antennas in ocean GNSS observation

作　　者：史长斌 张云 佘伦 郭明强 SHI Changbin;ZHANG Yun;SHE Lun;GUO Mingqiang(Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Surveying and Mapping Geographic Information Institute,Yinchuan Ningxia 750002,China;School of Computer Science,China University of Geosciences(Wuhan),Wuhan Hubei 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏回族自治区测绘地理信息院,宁夏银川750002 [2]中国地质大学(武汉)计算机学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《北京测绘》2023年第12期1601-1606,共6页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41971356);自然资源部城市国土资源监测与仿真重点实验室开放基金(KF-2022-07-001)。

摘　　要：为了测试海洋环境下3D扼流圈天线和普通高增益天线高精度定位的性能,本文利用在烟台市东部海域的全球导航卫星系统浮标观测数据,从观测数据的质量、数据解算精度、数据解算残差分析及与验潮站数据对比四个方面衡量扼流圈天线与普通高增益天线的性能。结果显示:相比高增益天线,使用扼流圈天线观测数据的信噪比可提高7.5%~8.7%,观测数据的多路径效应可降低18.6%~29.2%,观测量的周跳可减少39%。从观测值残差的角度评价,扼流圈天线观测的相位观测数据残差比高增益天线观测的相位数据残差小0.04~0.10 cm,伪距观测值的残差减小0.020~0.085 m。与验潮站数据进行对比,相比高增益天线,扼流圈天线观测海面高与验潮站观测海面高差值的标准差小1.6 m。因此,在海洋环境中扼流圈天线比高增益天线有着较大的性能优势。In order to test the high precision positioning performance of three-dimensional(3D)choke-ring antennas and conventional high-gain antennas in marine environments,this study used the buoy observation data collected by the global navigation satellite system(GNSS)in the east sea area of Yantai City,Shandong Province to determine the performance of the two types of antennas by comparing the observation data quality,data calculation accuracy,data calculation residuals,and data from tide gauge stations.The results indicate that compared with high-gain antennas,choke-ring antennas enhance the signal-to-noise ratio of observation data by 7.5%-8.7%,reduce multipath effects of observation data by 18.6%-29.2%,and diminish cycle slips of observation quantity by 39%.From the perspective of observation residuals,the residual of phase observation data from choke-ring antennas is 0.04-0.1 cm smaller than that from high-gain antennas,and the residual of pseudorange observations is reduced by 0.02-0.085 m.With data from tide gauge stations as a reference,the standard deviation of the difference between sea surface heights observed by tide gauge stations and choke-ring antennas is 1.6 m smaller than that observed by high-gain antennas.Therefore,in marine environments,choke-ring antennas exhibit substantial performance advantages over high-gain antennas.

关 键 词：全球导航卫星系统 海上定位 3D扼流圈天线 高增益天线 

分 类 号：P228[天文地球—大地测量学与测量工程]