中国、美国、俄罗斯“C5+1”机制的比较与评析  

Comparative Analysis and Evaluation of the“C5+1”Mechanism among China,the United States,and Russia

作　　者：韩豪杰 金新 Han Haojie;Jin Xin

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学马克思主义学院 [2]西安交通大学马克思主义学院国际问题研究中心 [3]西安交通大学亚欧研究中心

出　　处：《俄罗斯研究》2024年第1期174-196,共23页Russian Studies

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金专项项目“强化开放意识,推动陕西深度融入共建‘一带一路’大格局研究”(项目批准号:2023LS09);共青团中央“青少年发展研究”课题“构建人类命运共同体背景下青年国际交往机制化建设研究”(项目批准号:23JH019)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：世界正在经历百年未有之大变局,全球和地区层面的大国竞争不断加剧,中亚地区的重要地位日益凸显。各主要大国纷纷采取“小多边”的合作新模式与中亚国家展开互动,美国、中国和俄罗斯三个域外大国相继同中亚五国构建了“C5+1”机制。通过横向比较研究可以发现,中、美、俄三国的“C5+1”机制既有共性也有差异。其中共性在于这些机制都是以自身与中亚五国的利益契合为构建的基础,以元首峰会和外长会晤为主要对话形式,以政治、安全、经济和卫生为主要合作领域;差异在于机制的其他对话形式不同,主要合作领域内关注的议题不同,主要合作领域外关注的其他领域不同,以及对外联系的对象不同。而通过纵向剖析可以发现,三国构建的“C5+1”机制都有各自的优势和短板,机制间形成了复杂的竞合关系。这意味着各机制既具有不容忽视的影响力,又无法排斥其他机制在中亚地区的存在与运行。在此情况下,中国可以双管齐下,一方面继续发挥和扩大比较优势,另一方面补齐机制短板,保证中国-中亚机制的稳健运行,以推动构建更加紧密的中国-中亚命运共同体。The world is currently undergoing significant changes not seen in a century,with global and regional superpower competition intensifying,and the strategic importance of Central Asia becoming increasingly prominent.Major countries are adopting a new model of“mini-multilateral”cooperation to interact with Central Asian countries,with external major countries like the United States,China,and Russia successively establishing the“C5+1”mechanism with the five Central Asian nations.Through comparative research,it is observed that the“C5+1”mechanisms of China,the U.S.,and Russia share similarities and differences.Commonalities include their foundation on aligning their own interests with those of the five Central Asian countries,with summits and foreign ministers’meetings as the main forms of dialogue,focusing on politics,security,economy,and health as the primary areas of cooperation.Differences lie in other forms of dialogue,focal issues within the main cooperation areas,attention to other areas beyond the main ones,and external engagement targets.Longitudinal analysis reveals that each country’s“C5+1”mechanism has its strengths and weaknesses,forming a complex competitive-cooperative relationship among them.This means that each mechanism holds significant influence,yet cannot exclude the presence and operation of others in Central Asia.In this context,China could adopt a dual approach:continue to leverage and expand its comparative advantages while addressing the weaknesses of its mechanism to ensure the robust operation of the China-Central Asia mechanism,aiming to foster a closer China-Central Asia community of shared future.

关 键 词：“C5+1”机制 中国与中亚五国 中俄关系 美俄关系 

分 类 号：D871[政治法律—政治学]