晋唐时期中土僧人西行求律及贡献  

Chinese Monks in the Jin and Tang Dynasties Progressing toward the West to Seek Scholarship and Contributions

作　　者：梁霞 LIANG Xia(Editorial Department of Journal,Qinghai Normal University,Xining 810008,China)

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学学报编辑部,青海西宁810008

出　　处：《青海师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第5期40-47,共8页Journal of Qinghai Normal University（Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“丝绸之路青海道沿线多元文明互动中的佛教与文化认同研究”(18BZS169)。

摘　　要：佛法东传,经论先行传译,汉晋以来翻译出了大量佛经。但因对佛典翻译不善,佛典不齐备等因素,为广寻完备的佛教原典,汉地僧人踏上了西行求法道路。戒律是佛教“经律论”三藏之一,但在中土戒律的传译相对滞后,律藏残阙,律典传译不足,维持僧团的制度不完备,对律藏的迫切需求下,从东晋法显西行专门求取律典开始,晋唐时期不少中土僧人西行求法,带回并翻译律典。从法显携归并翻译出《摩诃僧祇律》及其他戒本开始,到唐代求法僧义净远赴印度求取律典,翻译并完善中土的诸部律典,建立起了完整的有部律典,使得中土佛教得以建立并保存系统的说一切有部律典。中土僧人的西行求律,为唐代律宗的兴起,对中国佛教的形成和发展产生了重大而又深远的影响。With the Buddha's Teachings spreading to the east,the sutras were translated first,and a large number of Buddhist scriptures had been translated since the Han and Jin Dynasties.However,due to the poor translation and incomplete Buddhist texts,in order to search for complete Buddhist texts,Han Buddist monks embarked on the road of seeking the Dharma toward the west.The precepts are one of the three collections of Buddhism,but the translation was lagging behind;the collection of the law was incomplete;the translation of the law was insufficient;the system for maintaining the monastic community was incomplete,and the urgent need for the collection of the law,from the Eastern Jin Dynasty,Fahien travelled west to seek the law,and during the Jin and Tang Dynasties,many monks from China travelled to the west to seek the law,brought it back and translated it.Starting from Fa Xian's bringing back and translating the Mahasanghita and other precepts,to the Tang Dynasty,the monk Yi Jing travelled to India to seek for the law codes,translated and perfected the law codes of the Middle Kingdom,and established a complete law code of the Arigatou,which enabled the Middle Kingdom Buddhists to build up and preserve a systematic and systematic law code of the Arigatou.The westward journey of the monks from the Middle Kingdom to seek the Law had a significant and far-reaching influence on the rise of the Ruling School in the Tang Dynasty and on the formation and development of Chinese Buddhism.

关 键 词：晋唐 佛教 僧人 西行求法 戒律 

分 类 号：K23[历史地理—历史学] B949[历史地理—中国史]