硼对铝胁迫下杉木生长、生理和光合特性的影响  

Effects of boron on the growth,physiology and photosynthetic characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata under aluminum stress

作　　者：钟淑芳 钟明慧 刘子晗 吕宁宁 杨培蓉 郑雪燕 叶义全[1,2,3] 许珊珊 ZHONG Shufang;ZHONG Minghui;LIU Zihan;LYU Ningning;YANG Peirong;ZHENG Xueyan;YE Yiquan;XU Shanshan(College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002;Chinese Fir Engineering and Technology Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Fuzhou 350002;University Key Laboratory of Forest Stress Physiology,Ecology and Molecular Biology of Fujian Province,Fuzhou 350002;Fujian Yangkou State-owned Forest Farm,Shunchang 353211)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学林学院,福州350002 [2]国家林草局杉木工程技术研究中心,福州350002 [3]林木逆境生理生态及分子生物学福建省高校重点实验室,福州350002 [4]福建省洋口国有林场,顺昌353211

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2024年第1期1-9,共9页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0600301);福建农林大学高峰学科建设项目(71201800738);福建农林大学科技创新专项基金(CXZX2020035A)共同资助。

摘　　要：为了研究硼对铝胁迫下杉木生长、生理和光合特性的影响,揭示硼介导的杉木耐铝调控机制,为进一步利用养分管理手段减轻杉木铝毒害提供参考,以3月龄幼苗为材料,共设置4个处理,对照(CK)、缺硼(-B)、缺硼加铝(-B+Al)和加硼加铝(+B+Al),分析不同处理间杉木生长、叶片光合和抗性生理指标的差异。结果表明:(1)与CK相比,胁迫处理均能显著抑制苗高生长,苗高降幅介于31.83%~55.56%之间,而且铝胁迫下,加硼(+B+Al)能显著缓解缺硼(-B+Al)引起的苗高生长、叶片丙二醛(MDA)、过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))和光合色素含量下降;与-B+Al处理相比,+B+Al处理的苗高、MDA、H_(2)O_(2)、叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量分别增加48.02%、24.18%、16.39%、17.16%和17.78%。(2)与CK相比,不同胁迫处理显著提高叶片超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶、过氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性,其活性大小均表现为:+B+Al>-B+Al>-B>CK,增幅分别介于17.10%~128.87%、15.19%~152.10%、37.39%~412.11%和44.07%~271.66%之间。(3)杉木叶片净光合速率、水分利用效率、最大荧光、可变荧光、PSⅡ潜在光化学活性、PSⅡ最大光化学效率、光化学淬灭系数和实际最大量子产额在不同胁迫处理下较CK均出现不同程度下降,降幅分别介于51.06%~59.50%、2.43%~16.71%、7.07%~20.45%、7.80%~29.93%、27.16%~54.07%、2.53%~13.53%、4.66%~12.61%和4.25%~13.77%之间,而且-B+Al处理的降幅显著大于+B+Al处理。可见在铝胁迫下,与缺硼相比,外源加硼处理通过提高叶片抗氧化酶活性,降低叶片H_(2)O_(2)和MDA的积累,减轻H_(2)O_(2)诱导的叶片氧化损伤和光合色素的下降,提高叶片光合效率和光能利用率,促进碳同化产物合成,从而缓解铝胁迫引起的对生长的抑制。In order to reveal the regulatory mechanism of boron(B)-mediated aluminum(Al)tolerance in Cun-ninghamia lanceolata,and provide a reference for reducing Al toxicity of C.lanceolata by nutrient management,the effects of B on the growth,physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of C.lanceolata under Al stress were investigated in this study.A total of four treatments with control(CK),B deficiency(-B),B deficiency plus Al(-B+Al)and B plus Al(+B+Al)were set by using three-month old of C.lanceolata seedlings to investigate the dif-ferent responses of growth,photosynthetic physiology and resistant physiology of C.lanceolata among different treatments.The results showed:(1)The growth of the seedlings height was significantly inhibited under different stress treatments as compared with CK,and which was decreased by 31.83%-55.56%,moreover,under Al stress,exogenous application of boron(+B+Al)significantly alleviated the boron deficiency(-B+Al)-induced growth inhibi-tion of the seedlings,and the decreased of malondialdehyde,hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and photosynthetic pigment contents in leaves of C.lanceolata,the seedling height,the contents of MDA,H_(2)O_(2),chlorophyll and carotenoid in(+B+Al)treatment were increased by 48.02%,24.18%,16.39%,17.16%and 17.78%,respectively,as compared with(-B+Al)treatment.(2)The activities of superoxide dismutase,peroxidase,catalase and ascorbate peroxidase in the leaves of C.lanceolata were significantly higher under different stress treatments as compared with CK,and the se-quential order of antioxidant enzyme activities was+B+Al>-B+Al>-B>CK,the increasing amplitude of these en-zyme activities in different stress conditions ranged from 17.10%-128.87%,15.19%-152.10%,37.39%-412.11%and 44.07%-271.66%,respectively.(3)The net photosynthetic rate,water use efficiency,the maximal fluorescence,variable fluorescence,PSⅡpotential photochemical activity,PSⅡmaximum photochemical efficiency,potochemi-cal quenching coefficient and actual maximum quantum yields in the leaves of C.lanceolata

关 键 词：杉木 铝胁迫 硼 生长 生理 光合特性 

分 类 号：S791.27[农业科学—林木遗传育种]