烟苗壮苗指数构建与生长过程素质评估  

Construction of healthy seedling index and quality evaluation of growth process for tobacco seedlings

作　　者：黄国栋 刘光亮[1] 陈天才 林卿 赵书坤 尹海静 陈爱国[1] HUANG Guodong;LIU Guangliang;CHEN Tiancai;LIN Qing;ZHAO Shukun;YIN Haijing;CHEN Aiguo(Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Qingdao 266101;Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Bei-jing 100081;Chongqing Tobacco Company,Chongqing 400023;Nanping Tobacco Company,Nanping 353000)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院烟草研究所,农业农村部烟草生物学与加工重点实验室,青岛266101 [2]中国农业科学院研究生院,北京100081 [3]重庆市烟草公司,重庆400023 [4]南平市烟草公司,南平353000

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2024年第1期28-35,共8页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：中国烟草总公司项目“重庆烟叶数字化转型探索与实践”(110202102027);重庆市烟草公司项目“黄金叶品牌智慧基地单元物联网应用研究”(B20211NY1309);福建省烟草公司南平市公司项目“南平中棵烟培育关键生产技术研究与应用”(2021350700240077)共同资助。

摘　　要：为在设施大棚控制条件下构建快速、准确、直观、全面判断烟苗素质的壮苗科学评价体系以及在烟苗生长过程中的素质评估阈值,以成苗期(播种后60 d)的烟苗为材料,利用模糊综合评价法和熵权法构建综合评价指数,采用K-means聚类分析筛选出壮苗关键指标并随机组合成30个壮苗指数,通过壮苗指数与综合评价指数相关性分析筛选出最适宜壮苗指数,另以生长发育时期(播种后30~60 d)的烟苗为材料,获得烟苗达到最优壮苗水平的时期和关键指标阈值。结果表明:1)设施大棚内不同位置的三盘烟苗组间差异显著。2)综合评价指数范围为0.377~0.778,筛选出的壮苗指数为:全株鲜重×叶绿素总量×地上干重/株高(r=0.766)。3)烟苗素质分为3个等级,即最优壮苗级别(壮苗指数≥0.519)、壮苗级别(壮苗指数:0.356~0.519)、弱苗级别(壮苗指数≤0.356)。4)播种后50 d左右达到最优壮苗水平,株高6.96 cm左右,全株鲜重7.59 g左右,地上干重0.35 g左右,叶绿素总量1.36 mg·g^(-1)左右。研究结果为烟草壮苗科学评价和壮苗形成过程的烟苗素质评估提供了理论依据与科学方法。To build a scientific evaluation system of healthy seedlings for quickly,accurately,intuitively and comprehensively judgement of tobacco seedlings quality and quality evaluation threshold in the process of tobacco seedling growth under the control of greenhouse facilities,in this paper,based on the measurement data of tobacco seedlings(60 days after sowing),the comprehensive evaluation index(CEI)of tobacco seedlings was constructed using fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method and entropy method,the key indicators for healthy seedlings selected by K-means clustering analysis were randomly combined into 30 healthy seedling indexes(HSI),and the optimum HSI was screened through the correlation analysis between the HSI and the CEI.Furthermore,another batch of to-bacco seedlings in the growth and development period(30-60 days after sowing)were also measured and analyzed,and the period when tobacco seedlings reached the level of healthy seedlings and the threshold of key indicators of healthy seedlings were obtained.The results showed that:1)There were significant differences between groups of three trays of tobacco seedlings in different positions in the facility greenhouse.2)The CEI ranged from 0.377 to 0.778,and the optimum HSI was plant fresh weight×Chlorophyll×underground dry weight/plant height(r=0.766).3)The quality of tobacco seedlings was divided into three grades,the best healthy seedling grade(HSI≥0.519),healthy seedling grade(HSI:0.356-0.519),and the weak seedling grade(HSI≤0.356).4)In addition,about 50 days after sowing,tobacco seedlings reached the optimal healthy seedling level,of which the plant height was about 6.96 cm,the plant fresh weight was about 7.59 g·plant^(-1),the aerial part dry weight was about 0.35 g·plant^(-1),and the chlo-rophyll was about 1.36 mg·g^(-1).These findings provide revealing insights into scientific evaluation of tobacco healthy seedlings and precise regulation of healthy seedling formation process.

关 键 词：烟草 壮苗指数 素质评估 熵权法 综合评价指数 壮苗关键指标 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]