修枝强度对刺槐林木生长、干形及花叶的影响  

Effects of pruning intensity on growth, stem shape, flower and leaf of Robinia pseudoacacia woods

作　　者：李一鸣 彭祚登[1] 解锡泽 王少明 孟淑霞 邢秀霞 LI Yiming;PENG Zuodeng;XIE Xize;WANG Shaoming;MENG Shuxia;XING Xiuxia(School of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;State Owned Quanbaoshan Forest Farm of Luoning County,Luoyang 471000;Rural Construction Office of Chengjiao Township in Luoning County,Luoyang 471000;Public Institutions in Wangfan Hui Town,Luoning County,Luoyang 471000)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [2]洛宁县国有全宝山林场,洛阳471000 [3]洛宁县城郊乡乡村建设办公室,洛阳471000 [4]洛宁县王范回族镇事业单位,洛阳471000

出　　处：《安徽农业大学学报》2024年第1期44-55,共12页Journal of Anhui Agricultural University

基　　金：国家“十三五”重点研发计划(2017YFD0600503)资助。

摘　　要：为通过修枝科学高效地培育刺槐林并实现全面利用,以刺槐实生人工林为研究对象,通过修枝抚育措施,选取6种修枝强度进行随机区组试验,以生长指标、干形指标及花叶形态与生物量为监测指标,分析比较不同修枝强度下刺槐的响应。从生长指标来看,刺槐林分平均胸径、平均材积在1/2修枝强度下生长更好且存在显著差异;修枝对平均树高、平均冠幅影响不大;随着修枝强度的增大,枝下高也随之增大。从干形指标来看,各修枝强度对尖削度无显著影响;形率上除常规修枝外,其他修枝强度均与对照相比有显著性差异;对高径比的分析表明,1/2修枝强度下干形更加细长,对照则更粗壮;随着修枝强度的增加,活冠高逐渐降低,对照与常规修枝二者存在显著差异。从单株叶数量与重量看,1/3修枝强度下收获最多。从刺槐复叶形态上看,不同修枝强度下的刺槐复叶长无显著差异,修枝强度对刺槐复叶宽与小叶长宽都有显著影响。单株花数量与重量则是对照收获最多。对于刺槐花的形态,不同修枝强度对花序长宽无显著影响,不同修枝强度下龙骨瓣、翼瓣、旗瓣与花萼在不同的花期会有不同的表现。刺槐林分对不同修枝强度的响应具有显著差异性,可通过修枝科学高效地培育刺槐林并实现全面利用。为实现能源林培育,1/2修枝强度下生长指标最好,且修下的枝同样可作为薪炭燃烧。为培育无节、饱满、通直的优质建筑材,采用1/2修枝强度对刺槐林生长、干形的促进效果最好。叶的生物量与形态指标对饲料林培育十分关键,以1/3修枝强度最佳;花的生物量与形态指标对蜜源林培育十分关键,以不修枝为宜。In order to cultivate Robinia pseudoacacia forest scientifically and efficiently through pruning,realize comprehensive utilization of R.pseudoacacia forest,taking R.pseudoacacia plantation as the research object,through pruning measures,six pruning intensities were selected for random block test with growth index,stem shape index,flower and leaf morphology and biomass as monitoring indexes,the responses of R.pseudoacacia under different pruning intensities were analyzed and compared.In terms of growth index,the growth of average DBH and average volume of R.pseudoacacia stand grew better,and there was significant difference under 1/2 pruning intensity;pruning had little effect on the average tree height and average crown width;with the increase of pruning intensity,the height under the branch was also increased.From the stem shape index,each pruning intensity had no significant effect on the taper;there was a significant difference in the shape ratio between the control and different pruning intensities ex-cept conventional pruning;the analysis of height diameter ratio showed that the stem shape was slender under 1/2 pruning intensity,while the control was more robust;with the increase of pruning intensity,the height of living crown was decreased gradually.There were significant differences between the control and conventional pruning.In terms of the number and weight of leaves per plant,the highest yield was obtained under 1/3 pruning intensity.From the per-spective of compound leaf morphology of R.pseudoacacia,there was no significant difference in the compound leaf length of R.pseudoacacia under different pruning intensities,but pruning intensity had a significant effect on the compound leaf width and the leaflet length and width of R.pseudoacacia.The number and weight of flowers per plant were the highest in comparison of other organs.For the flower morphology of R.pseudoacacia,different pruning in-tensities had no significant effect on the inflorescence length and width.Under different pruning intensities,the

关 键 词：刺槐 修枝 生长 干形 花叶 

分 类 号：S753.518[农业科学—森林经理学]