柑橘2个三倍体有性后代群体果实品质性状的遗传特点  

Inheritance of some quality traits of the fruits in triploid hybrids derived from two citrus 2x×4x interploidy crosses

作　　者：管书萍 王婷婷 周阳广 朱虹娴 伍小萌 龙春瑞[2] 高俊燕[2] 郭文武[1] 解凯东[1] GUAN Shuping;WANG Tingting;ZHOU Yangguang;ZHU Hongxian;WU Xiaomeng;LONG Chunrui;GAO Junyan;GUO Wenwu;XIE Kaidong(College of Horticulture&Forestry Sciences,Huazhong Agricultural University/National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation&Utilization of Horticultural Crops,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China;Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baoshan 678000,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学园艺林学学院·果蔬园艺作物种质创新与利用全国重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]云南省农业科学院热带亚热带经济作物研究所,云南保山678000

出　　处：《果树学报》2024年第3期369-378,共10页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32172526);云南省科技计划(202102AE090054);湖北省自然科学基金项目(2022CFB158);国家柑橘产业技术体系项目(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究柑橘三倍体有性后代果实品质性状的遗传特点,为倍性杂交创制无核三倍体新种质科学选配亲本提供理论依据。【方法】以柑橘二倍体品种秋辉橘、清见橘橙为母本,异源四倍体体细胞杂种橘柚+甜橙(NS)、甜橙+红橘(SD)为父本倍性杂交获得的2个三倍体有性后代群体成熟果实为材料,通过测定其果实横纵径、单果质量、果皮厚度、可溶性固形物和可滴定酸含量等性状,探究柑橘三倍体有性后代果实品质性状的遗传特点。【结果】三倍体后代单果质量和果实横径平均值均介于双亲之间,呈趋中变异;果实纵径变化趋势在2个组合间有差异,秋辉橘×NS组合后代呈趋大变异,而清见橘橙×SD组合则呈趋中变异;果皮厚度平均值均大于亲中值且多数高于高值亲本,存在一定程度的超高亲本遗传现象;2个组合三倍体有性后代果实可溶性固形物含量平均低低亲比率分别为74.4%、66.88%,呈趋小变异;而2个三倍体有性后代群体果实可滴定酸含量平均值均低于亲中值,且不同年份间酸含量介于亲本间和低于低值亲本的后代比例较高。【结论】推测柑橘三倍体有性后代果实单果质量、果实横径、纵径、果形指数、果皮厚度和可溶性固形物含量性状是由多基因控制的数量性状,可滴定酸含量性状可能存在主效控制基因。【Objective】The study aimed to investigate the inheritance of some fruit quality traits and to provide a basis for selecting parents in the interploidy cross breeding of citrus.【Methods】Two previously produced triploid hybrid populations derived from the cross of Fallglo mandarin×NS(Nova tangor+Succari sweet orange)and another cross of Kiyomi tangor×SD(Succari sweet orange+Dancy red tangerine)were used as materials.Fully matured fruits were collected in two successive years(2018 and 2019)for fruit quality analysis.For each triploid plant,twelve fruits were collected and pooled for three technical replicates.The transverse diameter,longitudinal diameter and peel thickness were measured using a digital vernier caliper.The fruit weight was determined by a precise 1/100 electronic balance.Furthermore,the soluble solids content and titratable acid content of the fruit pulp were deter-mined using an ATAGO handheld digital refractometer.The genetic variation of the fruit traits was assessed by the coefficient of variation(CV),transmitting ability(Ta)and transgression rate.The normal distribution map was employed to depict the genetic tendencies of the triploid progenies.All data were processed using Microsoft excel.【Results】The distribution of fruit transverse and longitudinal diameter,fruit weight,peel thickness,and soluble solids content frequency in two citrus sexual offspring populations showed a continuous normal distribution,while the distribution of the titratable acid content showed a partial normal distribution.The fruit transverse diameter and fruit quality of the two triploid sexual offsprings were mostly distributed between those of the parents,indicating a trend of intermediate variation.The fruit longitudinal diameter exhibited diverse patterns in different combinations.For instance,60.47%and 42.00%of the fruit longitudinal diameters of individuals from the Fallglo mandarin×NS cross was significantly higher than that of the higher value of the parents in 2018 and,respectively,indicating a gen

关 键 词：柑橘 三倍体 倍性育种 果实性状 遗传倾向 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]