武汉市中学校外烟草售卖点分布及对学生吸烟行为的影响  

Tobacco retailer outside middle schools in Wuhan City and its impact on smoking behavior among students

作　　者：颜芝闻 姚广 裴红兵[1] 吴昌汉[1] 吴琳 左玉婷 郭燕[5] YAN Zhiwen;YAO Guang;PEI Hongbing;WU Changhan;WU Lin;ZUO Yuting;GUO Yan(Department of Infections Disease Prevention and Control,Qingshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Wuhan(430080),Hubei Province,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]武汉市青山区疾病预防控制中心传染病防制科,湖北430080 [2]武汉现场流行病学培训项目 [3]武汉市江岸区疾病预防控制中心综合卫生科 [4]武汉市江夏区疾病预防控制中心 [5]武汉市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第2期218-222,共5页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解武汉市中学校外100 m范围内烟草售卖点的分布及对中学生吸烟行为的影响,为青少年控烟政策制定提供依据和可行性建议。方法于2023年2—5月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样方法抽取武汉市4个区20所中学,调查校外100 m范围内烟草售卖点的分布及向未成年人售烟情况,采用2021年中国青少年烟草流行调查问卷核心问题对4882名中学生开展调查。采用Fisher精确概率检验、χ^(2)检验及趋势性χ^(2)检验进行统计学分析。结果70.00%的中学周边100 m范围内存在烟草售卖点,平均每所中学外有(1.10±0.97)所。持证烟草售卖点对“禁止向未成年人售烟”政策的知晓率(100.00%)、标识粘贴率(87.5%)均高于非持证售卖点(33.33%,16.67%)(P值均<0.05)。中学生尝试吸烟率、现在吸烟率、30 d内购烟率分别为7.13%,1.99%,2.54%。100 m范围内有烟草售卖点的学校学生尝试吸烟率(8.58%)、现在吸烟率(2.29%)、30 d内购烟率(2.85%)均高于无烟草售卖点学校学生(3.79%,1.28%,1.83%)(χ^(2)值分别为35.80,5.37,4.37,P值均<0.05);且随着年级的升高,中学生尝试吸烟率、现在吸烟率及购烟率均呈上升趋势(χ^(2)趋势值分别为66.20,36.10,16.17,P值均<0.05)。结论武汉市中学生烟草易得性较高。建议将学校禁售范围从50 m扩大到100 m,监管部门严查烟草售卖点向未成年人售烟行为。Objective To understand the distribution of tobacco retailer within 100 meters outside middle schools in Wuhan City and its impact on smoking behavior of middle school students,so as to provide basis and feasible suggestions for the development of tobacco control policy for adolescents.Methods From February to May 2023,a multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 20 middle schools from 4 districts in Wuhan City.To investigate the distribution of tobacco retailer within 100 metres outside the school and the sale of tobacco to minors.A total of 4882 students were surveyed using the core questions of the 2021 Chinese Adolescent Tobacco Prevalence Questionnaire.Fisher exact probability test,Chi-square test and Chi-square trend test were used for statistical analysis.Results Nearly 70.00%of middle schools had tobacco retailer within 100 metres,with an average of(1.10±0.97)per middle school.The awareness rate(100.00%)and labeling rate(87.50%)of licensed tobacco retailer were higher than those of non-licensed tobacco retailer(33.33%,16.67%)(P<0.05).The rates of tried smoking,current smoking and buying cigarettes within 30 days were 7.13%,1.99%and 2.54%,respectively.The rates of students who tried smoking(8.58%),current smoking(2.29%)and buying cigarettes within 30 days(2.85%)in schools with tobacco retailer within 100 metres were higher than those in schools without tobacco retailer(3.79%,1.28%,1.83%)(χ^(2)=35.80,5.37,4.37,P<0.05).And as the grade increased,the rates of tried smoking,current smoking and buying cigarettes among middle school students all showed an upward trend(χ^(2)t rend=66.20,36.10,16.17,P<0.05).Conclusions Middle school students in Wuhan City have high tobacco availability.The findings suggest that school ban should be extended from 50 meters to 100 meters,and the regulatory authorities must strictly prohibit selling tobacco products to minors at tobacco retailer.

关 键 词：烟草 吸烟 行为 健康教育 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] F768.29[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] C913.5[经济管理—产业经济]