低氮胁迫相关microRNA的研究进展  

Research progress of microRNAs related to low nitrogen stress

作　　者：刘欣雨 王皓[2,3] 李佳佳 徐翎清 兴旺[2,3] 刘大丽[2,3] 鲁振强[1] LIU Xinyu;WANG Hao;LI Jiajia;XU Lingqing;XING Wang;LIU Dali;LU Zhenqiang(Province Key Laboratory of Plant Gene and Biological Fermentation in Cold Regions,College of Life Science,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China;National Beet Medium-term Gene Bank,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China;Key Laboratory of Sugar Beet Genetics and Breeding,College of Advanced Agriculture and Ecological Environment,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学生命科学学院,黑龙江省寒区植物基因与生物发酵重点实验室,哈尔滨150080 [2]黑龙江大学国家甜菜种质中期库,哈尔滨150080 [3]黑龙江省高等学校甜菜遗传育种重点实验室,黑龙江大学现代农业与生态环境学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2024年第1期1-8,共8页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家糖料产业技术体系项目(CARS-170102);黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2023C090);甜菜种质资源安全保存(19230841);甜菜种质资源精准鉴定项目(19230709);普查甜菜资源繁种编目入库项目(19230801);甜菜分库运行服务(NCGRC-2023-017)。

摘　　要：microRNA是一类小的内源性的非编码RNA,在生命有机体抵御不良环境中发挥着重要作用。氮是植物生长发育必不可少的元素,广泛参与到各种生理反应中。氮肥的施用虽然在一定程度上增加了植物的生物量,但过多的氮肥也带来了严重的环境问题,探索植物的氮代谢及氮高效利用的分子机理成为当务之急。研究表明,microRNA能够受到氮素水平的调控,并可产生相应的应答机制以维持植物的生长需求。因此,本文综述了植物对氮素的利用现状、microRNA对低氮胁迫的响应以及microRNA参与氮代谢的最新研究进展,重点探讨了miR156、mi R319、miR167和miR408等在调控氮素相关的植物表型、激素、初级和次级代谢过程中的作用,为进一步利用microRNA开展氮高效生物育种奠定基础。MicroRNAs are a class of small,endogenous,noncoding RNAs that play an important role in the defense of living organisms to adverse environments.Nitrogen is an essential element for plant growth and development,and is widely involved in various physiological responses.Although the application of nitrogen fertilizer increases the biomass of plants to a certain extent,excessive nitrogen fertilizer also brings serious environmental problems,and it is urgent to explore the molecular mechanism of nitrogen metabolism and efficient nitrogen utilization of plants.There are many studies shown that microRNAs can be regulated by nitrogen levels and can generate corresponding response mechanisms to maintain plant growth needs.Therefore,this article reviews the current status of nitrogen utilization in plants,the response of microRNAs to low nitrogen stress,and the latest research progress of microRNAs involved in nitrogen metabolism.The discussion objects of miR156,miR319,miR167,and miR408 were focused on the discussion objects,and their role in regulating nitrogen-related plant phenotype,hormone,primary and secondary metabolic processes was elaborated.This lays the foundation for further nitrogen-efficient biological breeding using microRNAs.

关 键 词：MICRORNA 氮代谢 低氮 氮效率 

分 类 号：S311[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术]