全钒液流电池建模及SOC在线估计研究进展  

Research progress on modeling and SOC online estimation of vanadium redox-flow batteries

作　　者：张爱芳[1] 魏邦达 李卓昊 杨洋 杨添强 姚俊[1] 张杰[1] 刘飞[1] 李浩秒[2] 王康丽[2] 蒋凯[2] ZHANG Aifang;WEI Bangda;LI Zhuohao;YANG Yang;YANG Tianqiang;YAO Jun;ZHANG Jie;LIU Fei;LI Haomiao;WANG Kangli;JIANG Kai(Wuhan Nari Limited Liability Company of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司 [2]华中科技大学强电磁技术全国重点实验室,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《储能科学与技术》2024年第3期1036-1049,共14页Energy Storage Science and Technology

基　　金：国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司自筹科技项目(524625220010)。

摘　　要：全钒液流电池(VRFB)具有高安全、长寿命的优势,在大规模电力储能领域中具有广阔的应用前景。高精度的电池模型及准确的电池荷电状态(SOC)估计是全钒液流电池实际应用的重要技术基础,也是其规模应用面临的主要挑战。本文对全钒液流电池仿真模型、模型参数辨识、SOC监测与在线估计,以及全钒液流电池特有的SOC估计影响因素进行综述。首先介绍了电化学模型和等效电路模型2类仿真模型,分析比较了几种用于VRFB的等效电路模型的原理及优缺点。重点综述了全钒液流电池荷电状态监测方法,包括:安时积分法、开路电压法、电位滴定法、电导率法和光学分析法,以及更具工程应用前景的荷电状态在线估计方法。总结了全钒液流电池模型参数离线与在线辨识技术,介绍了基于滤波算法与数据驱动算法的荷电状态在线估计方法。在全钒液流电池SOC估计特异性影响因素方面,讨论了包括钒离子的跨膜迁移、负极氧化副反应、负极析氢反应和温度对参数辨识与荷电状态估计的影响规律,总结展望了全钒液流电池建模及SOC在线估计面临的问题及未来研究方向。The vanadium redox-flow battery(VRFB)offers the advantages of high security and long life,and has broad application prospects in the field of large-scale energy storage.High-precision battery models and accurate battery state-of-charge(SOC)estimation are important technical foundations for the practical application of VRFBs,and the main challenge that must be overcome for their large-scale application.This paper reviews the simulation model of VRFBs,the identification of model parameters,SOC monitoring with online estimation,and the factors specific to VRFB that affect SOC estimation.Two types of simulation models,an electrochemical model and an equivalent-circuit model,are introduced.The principles,advantages,and disadvantages of several equivalent-circuit models for VRFBs are analyzed and compared.This paper focuses on methods to monitor the SOC of VRFBs,including the ampere-time integration method,open-circuit voltage method,potential titration method,conductivity method,optical analysis method,and SOC online estimation method that are promising for engineering applications.The paper summarizes the techniques of offline and online identification of the model parameters of VRFBs and introduces the SOC online estimation method,which is based on the filtering and data-driven algorithms.To understand the specific factors that affect SOC estimation of VRFB,we focus on the transmembrane migration of vanadium ions,the negative electrode oxidation side reaction,the negative electrode hydrogen precipitation reaction,and temperature on parameter identification and SOC estimation.Finally,this paper summarizes the outlook for this technology and proposes possible research directions for modeling and SOC online estimation of VRFBs.

关 键 词：全钒液流电池 仿真模型 模型参数辨识 荷电状态 在线估算 

分 类 号：TM911[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]