木质素制备航油工艺与能耗优化  

Optimization of energy consumption on aviation biofuel derived from lignin

作　　者：黄星华 董升飞 杨晓奕[1] HUANG Xinghua;DONG Shengfei;YANG Xiaoyi(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院,北京100191

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报》2024年第3期904-912,共9页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1501505)。

摘　　要：木质素单体的环状结构使其成为航空替代燃料中芳香烃和环烷烃制备的有效前驱体。通过比较分析木质素加氢制备芳香烃和环烷烃、气化制氢、燃烧供热路径的工艺特点和物流信息,采用Aspen Plus进行不同路径的物耗及能耗分析。其中木质素制备芳香烃收率为17.3%~20.7%,环烷烃收率为17.5%~23.7%,气化制氢收率为35.519 g/kg木质素,燃烧供热为22.942 MJ/kg木质素。基于充分利用木质素的原则,以木质素气化制氢作为氢源,木质素燃烧作为热源,结合芳香烃和环烷烃制备路径,设计了多条木质素制备航油自供氢自供热的综合工艺。通过能耗分析和优化,得出木质素热解-烷基化-加氢制备芳香烃或环烷烃综合工艺航油综合收率为11.8%或9.2%,综合热负荷为7.357 MJ/kg或7.687 MJ/kg木质素;木质素热解-烷基化-加氢制备芳香烃和环烷烃(1∶1)综合工艺航油综合收率为10.3%,综合热负荷为7.538 MJ/kg木质素,综合氢耗为0.27%。木质素一步法加氢制备航油工艺虽然反应条件温和,流程简单,但仍需进一步改善反应体系以解决高能耗的问题。The cyclic structure of lignin monomer makes it an effective precursor for the preparation of aromatic and naphthenic hydrocarbons in alternative aviation biofuel.Aspen Plus conducted a material and energy consumption analysis of various routes by comparing the features and material flow of lignin depolymerization-hydrotreating for the production of aromatic and naphthenic hydrocarbons,gasification for the production of hydrogen,and combustion for heat.The yield of aromatic hydrocarbons from lignin is 17.3%~20.7%;naphthenic hydrocarbons from lignin is 17.5%~23.7%;hydrogen from lignin is 35.519 g/kg lignin;and the heat from combustion is 22.942 MJ/kg lignin.In order to make full use of lignin,several integrated processes for biofuel production were designed with hydrogen supply from lignin gasification and heat supply from lignin combustion.By using energy analysis and optimization,the integrated process of pyrolysis-alkylation-hydrotreating for aromatic or naphthenic hydrocarbons produces a yield of 11.8%or 9.2%,with a heat load of 7.357 MJ/kg lignin or 7.687 MJ/kg lignin;for aromatic and naphthenic hydrocarbons(1∶1),the integrated process of lignin pyrolysis-alkylation-hydrotreating produces a yield of 10.3%,with a heat load of 7.538 MJ/kg lignin and hydrogen consumption of 0.27%.Although the process of lignin one-step hydrotreating for biofuel production is mild and simple,the reaction system still needs to be further improved for its significant energy consumption.

关 键 词：木质素 航空替代燃料 加氢 芳香烃 环烷烃 能耗分析 

分 类 号：V312.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]