基于弯型预爆管的煤油燃料旋转爆轰发动机起爆实验研究  

Experimental Study on Initiation Characteristics of Kerosene Rotating Detonation Engine Based on Curved Pre-detonation Tube

作　　者：刘国秋 蔡承霖 孙宇航 郑权[1] 翁春生[1] LIU Guoqiu;CAI Chenglin;SUN Yuhang;ZHENG Quan;WENG Chunsheng(National Key Lab of Transient Physics,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学瞬态物理国家重点实验室,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《弹道学报》2024年第1期26-34,56,共10页Journal of Ballistics

摘　　要：为了研究采用弯型预爆管的预爆轰式连续旋转爆轰发动机点火起爆过程和旋转爆轰波的传播特性,设计了H 2/O 2弯型预爆轰管的预爆轰点火装置,进行了预爆轰点火实验,并研究了应用该预爆轰管的煤油/富氧空气旋转爆轰发动机的起爆特性。借助高频动态压力传感器和高速摄影,分别记录了实验过程中的压力信号与流场动态变化过程,分析了旋转爆轰波的起爆过程以及传播特性。实验结果表明:初始爆轰波在到达燃烧室入口后迅速膨胀解耦,形成两个沿相反方向传播的压力波,并且压力峰值迅速衰减;成功起爆后,爆轰波在燃烧室内以双波对撞模态自持传播,每一周期内双波发生对撞的位置不断变化;当煤油质量流量增加时,燃烧室内形成稳定旋转爆轰的时间间隔增加;在稳定工作范围内,提高当量比可以增加爆轰波的平均传播速度。该实验验证了将该弯型预爆管应用于煤油/富氧空气旋转爆轰发动机点火的可行性,进一步揭示了煤油/富氧空气旋转爆轰发动机的起爆过程。In order to study the ignition process and the propagation characteristics of the rotating detonation wave of the pre-detonation continuous-rotating detonation engine with curved pre-detonation tube,the pre-detonation ignition device of the H 2/O 2 curved pre-detonation tube was designed,and the pre-detonation ignition experiment was carried out,and the detonation characteristics of the kerosene/oxygen-enriched air rotating detonation engine with this pre-detonation tube were studied.With the help of high-frequency dynamic pressure sensor and high-speed photography,the dynamic changes of pressure signal and flow field during the experiment were recorded,and the initiation process and propagation characteristics of the rotating detonation wave were analyzed.The experimental results show that the initial detonation wave rapidly expands and decouples after reaching the inlet of the combustion chamber,forming two pressure waves propagating in opposite directions,and the pressure peak rapidly decays.After successful initiation,the detonation wave propagates in the combustion chamber in a double-wave collision mode,and the position of the double-wave collision changes continuously in each cycle.When the kerosene mass flow rate increases,the time interval for the formation of stable rotating detonation in the combustion chamber increases.In the stable working range,increasing the equivalence ratio can increase the average propagation speed of detonation wave.It is feasible to apply the curved pre-detonation tube to the ignition of kerosene/oxygen-enriched air rotating detonation engine,and the initiation process of kerosene/oxygen-enriched air rotating detonation engine is further revealed.

关 键 词：爆轰发动机 弯型预爆轰管 液态燃料 起爆 

分 类 号：V231.22[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]