民国时代大学杜诗课——作为讲义的高步瀛《杜诗》  

The Du Fu Poetry Course at Universities during the Republican Era:On Gao Buying’s Lecture Notes of Studies on Du Fu’s Poetry

作　　者：潘务正 Pan Wuzheng

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学中国诗学研究中心,241002

出　　处：《杜甫研究学刊》2024年第1期36-50,共15页Journal of Du fu Studies

基　　金：安徽省高校协同创新项目“桐城派杜诗学文献整理与研究”(GXXT-2020-029)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：20世纪30年代高步瀛于北平师范大学开设杜诗课,编纂《杜诗》讲义。其书前列杜甫年谱,且对所选每首诗考证年代,并按时代顺序编排,将诗人的经历与诗歌的创作紧密结合,发挥“知人论世”的功能。在情感价值上,选取杜诗中控诉战争的诗篇,展现战争给百姓及诗人带来的灾难,以此激发学生的反战情绪。授课者与诗人有着相近的人格情操,故对诗作情感体会深切。在艺术成就上,高氏继承桐城派的为文路径,以为杜诗“至情至性”的“生气”是转折、顿挫、腾挪、掉转等文法为之的结果,其“沉郁顿挫”的诗风,是“断”法所造就。这与其时盛行的以白话文为主的诗风相对立,彰显出在大学课堂进行传统诗学教育的良苦用心。In the 1930s,Gao Buying taught a Du Fu poetry course at Beijing Normal University and compiled the lecture notes of Studies on Du Fu’s Poetry.The book includes a chronological table of Du Fu’s life and carefully examines the dating of each selected poem,arranging them in chronological order.This approach effectively integrates the poet’s experiences with the creation of his poems,serving the purpose of“understanding human beings and reflecting on society”.Emotionally,Gao selects poems in which Du Fu expresses his grievances about war,demonstrating the disasters inflicted upon the people and the poet himself by war,aiming to inspire anti-war sentiment among students.As a teacher,Gao shares a similar personality and moral character with Du Fu,allowing him to deeply resonate with the emotions conveyed in the poems.In terms of artistic achievement,Gao carries on the writing style of the Tongcheng School,emphasizing that the“vitality”of Du Fu’s poetry,characterized by twists,turns,leaps,and abrupt changes,is the result of specific literary techniques such as reversals and breaks.This“melancholic and abrupt”poetic style stands in contrast to the prevailing trend of using vernacular poetry at the time,showcasing the devoted effort to teaching traditional literary education in university classrooms.

关 键 词：高步瀛 《杜诗》 讲义 杜诗课 

分 类 号：I207.22-4[文学—中国文学] K26[历史地理—历史学]