生态水文系统支撑城市韧性安全建设的若干思考  

Considerations on the support of urban ecological hydrology to the construction of urban safety resilience

作　　者：宫辉力[1,2] GONG Huili(Base of the State Key laboratory of Environment Process and Digital Simulation,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China;Key Laboratory of Mechanism,Prevention and Mitigation of Land Subsidence,Ministry of Education,Capital Normal University,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]首都师范大学城市环境过程和数字模拟国家重点实验室培育基地,北京100048 [2]首都师范大学地面沉降机理与防控教育部重点实验室,北京100048

出　　处：《上海国土资源》2024年第1期1-5,共5页Shanghai Land & Resources

摘　　要：近40年城市生态水文学应用研究的重要进展,特别是区域水循环要素的优化调控,有效地支撑了韧性安全城市建设。在城市生态水文系统理念的指导下,北美、欧洲和中国相继出现了低影响开发、水框架指令、海绵城市与气候适应型城市建设。全球变化和人为活动相互作用产生了复杂的城市生态水文过程,自然水循环模式已转变为“自然-社会”相互作用的二元水循环模式。面对全球变化,韧性安全城市的建设更加关注对气候变化的减缓和适应,特别是对极端天气气候事件的适应能力。我国长期持续大规模的城市开发建设,强烈影响和改变着区域水循环关键要素,城市地下空间开发利用和地面沉降面临着极端天气气候情境下的灾害风险。因此,地学基础条件及其韧性构成了城市韧性安全底座的基础。基于二元水循环关键要素调控设计的减缓和适应对策,在新一轮气候适应型城市建设中发挥了重要作用。“气候变化—区域二元水循环—水平衡调控—灾害风险”“遥感大数据—台站网小数据—传递函数—云孪生”,可作为一种地球大数据支撑韧性城市建设与可持续发展的技术框架和方法组合。上海作为长江流域的龙头和海陆交互敏感区域,城市韧性安全还面临着海平面上升的考验。在气候变化情景下区域二元水循环关键要素调控,可作为地学服务上海地下空间安全及城市韧性安全的一个策略。The important progress in research on the application of urban ecological hydrology in the past 40 years,especially the optimization and control of regional water cycle elements,has effectively supported the construction of urban safety resilience.Under the guidance of the concept of urban ecohydrological system,low impact development(LID),Water Framework Directive,sponge city and climate-resilient city construction have successively emerged in North America,Europe and China.The interaction of global change and human activities has produced complex urban ecohydrological processes,and the natural water cycle model has been transformed into a dual water cycle model of“naturesociety”interaction.In the face of global change,the construction of resilient and safe cities pays more attention to the mitigation and adaptation of climate change,especially the ability to adapt to extreme weather and climate events.China’s long-term continuous large-scale urban development and construction has strongly affected and changed the key elements of regional water cycle,and the development and utilization of urban underground space and land subsidence are faced with disaster risks under extreme weather and climate situations.Therefore,the geological basic conditions and their toughness constitute the basis of urban resilience safety base.Mitigation and adaptation strategies based on the control design of the key elements of the dual water cycle play an important role in the construction of a new round of climate-resilient cities.“Climate change-regional dual water cycle-water balance regulation-disaster risk”and“Remote sensing big data-small data of station network-transfer function-cloud twin”can be used as a combination of technical frameworks and methods for Earth big data to support resilient city construction and sustainable development.Shanghai,as the leader of the Yangtze River Basin and a sensitive area of sea-land interaction,is also facing the test of sea level rise.Under the climate change scenario,the regu

关 键 词：生态水文 气候承载力 二元水循环调控 遥感大数据 韧性安全城市 策略建议 

分 类 号：P339[天文地球—水文科学] P641.8[水利工程—水文学及水资源]