长江口横沙地区演化过程及保护利用思考  

The evolution process of Hengsha area in the Yangtze River estuary and its protection and utilization

作　　者：郭兴杰[1,2] GUO Xingjie(Shanghai Institute of Geological Survey,Shanghai 200072,China;Shanghai Institute of Land and Resources Survey,Shanghai 200072,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市地质调查研究院,上海200072 [2]上海市国土资源调查研究院,上海200072

出　　处：《上海国土资源》2024年第1期16-20,26,共6页Shanghai Land & Resources

基　　金：上海市地质之星人才计划项目(dzxh202206)。

摘　　要：长江口横沙地区的保护和利用一直是近年来的热门话题。本文对横沙岛、横沙新洲的成陆过程以及浅滩的近期演化特征进行了总结和回顾,基于国家战略和前人的利用设想,提出了横沙地区目前面临的灾害和未来利用需要论证的制约因素。横沙岛于1958年定界成陆,横沙新洲(东滩)在历史大洪水切割以及航道工程和促淤圈围等作用下于2021年成陆,横沙浅滩目前“长高不长大”,处于萎缩性演化态势。文章基于“长江大保护”国家战略,总结了前人提出的一些利用设想,认为需要综合研判横沙地区的保护利用模式。目前横沙地区主要面临流域输沙偏低和海平面上升带来的浅滩侵蚀问题,建议结合固沙保滩工程利用周围航道的疏浚土资源,未来利用也需要深入研究横沙地区生态保护、基底稳定、航道冲淤、盐水入侵以及极端气候等承载力问题。The protection and utilization of the Hengsha area at the mouth of the Yangtze River has been a hot topic in recent years.This article summarizes and reviews the land formation process of Hengsha Island and Hengsha Xinzhou,as well as the recent evolution characteristics of shoals.Based on national strategies and previous utilization ideas,it proposes the current disasters faced by the Hengsha area and the constraints that need to be demonstrated for future utilization.Hengsha Island was demarcated and formed into land in 1958,while Hengsha Xinzhou(Dongtan)was formed in 2021 under the influence of historical floods,waterway engineering,and siltation promoting enclosure.Currently,the Hengsha Shallow Beach is in a state of shrinking evolution,with no growth in height;The article is based on the national strategy of“protecting the Yangtze River”and summarizes some utilization ideas proposed by predecessors.It is believed that it is necessary to comprehensively study and judge the protection and utilization mode of the Hengsha area;At present,the Hengsha area is mainly facing the problem of shallow beach erosion caused by low sediment transport in the basin and rising sea levels.It is recommended to combine the dredging soil resources of the surrounding waterways with sand fixation and beach protection projects.In the future,it is also necessary to conduct in-depth research on the ecological protection,foundation stability,waterway erosion and sedimentation,saline intrusion,and extreme climate carrying capacity issues in the Hengsha area.

关 键 词：长江口 横沙地区 演化过程 保滩工程 利用思考 

分 类 号：P303.5[天文地球—地球物理学] F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]