东、西方蜜蜂对黑尾胡蜂表皮碳氢化合物的触角电位反应  

Electrophysiological Responses of Apis cerana and A.mellifera to Cuticular Hydrocarbons in Vespa soror

作　　者：何丽云 林涛[1] HE Liyun;LIN Tao(School of Life Sciences,Shangrao Normal University,Shangrao,Jiangxi Province 334001,China)

机构地区：[1]上饶师范学院生命科学学院,江西上饶334001

出　　处：《四川动物》2024年第2期179-185,共7页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：上饶师范学院校级自选课题项目(202139);江西省教育厅科学技术项目(GJJ201716)。

摘　　要：表皮碳氢化合物是昆虫种内和种间识别的重要信息化合物,探究黑尾胡蜂Vespa soror表皮碳氢化合物的种类及蜜蜂的电生理反应对理解蜜蜂与胡蜂间的化学通讯具有重要意义。本研究采用有机溶剂浸提法结合气相色谱-质谱联用技术分析了黑尾胡蜂翅和足的表皮碳氢化合物种类及相对含量,利用昆虫触角电位(EAG)技术分析了东方蜜蜂Apis cerana、西方蜜蜂A. mellifera对其的反应。结果表明,黑尾胡蜂表皮碳氢化合物由C_(23)~C_(31)的31种碳氢化合物构成,其中烷烃类物质26种、烯烃5种,甲基支链烷烃的含量最高,在翅和足中的相对含量分别是58.72%和71.44%。东、西方蜜蜂均对黑尾胡蜂的表皮碳氢化合物产生显著的EAG反应(P<0.001),且东方蜜蜂的EAG相对反应值显著高于西方蜜蜂(P<0.05),说明东方蜜蜂对黑尾胡蜂表皮碳氢化合物的敏感性比西方蜜蜂更高,这可能与两者长期协同进化形成的捕食与反捕食关系有关。Cuticular hydrocarbons are important informative compounds for intraspecies and interspecies recognition in in-sects,and it is important to investigate the composition of cuticular hydrocarbons in hornet Vespa soror and the electrophysi-ological responses of the honeybees to understand the chemical communication between honeybees and hornets.In this study,we first analyzed the types and relative contents of cuticular hydrocarbons in the wings and legs of V.soror by or-ganic solvent extraction combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS),and then we analyzed the re-sponses of eastern bees(Apis cerana)and western bees(A.mellifera)to the cuticular hydrocarbons of V.soror by the elec-troantennogram(EAG)technique.The results showed that the cuticular hydrocarbons of V.soror were consisted of 31 hy-drocarbons from C23-C31,of which 26 were alkanes and 5 were alkenes,with the highest contents of methyl-branched al-kanes,and the relative contents of them in the wings and legs were 58.72%and 71.44%,respectively.Both A.cerana and A.mellifera showed significant EAG responses to the cuticular hydrocarbons of V.soror(P<0.001),and the relative EAG response values of A.cerana were significantly higher than those of A.mellifera(P<0.05).This suggested that A.cerana were more sensitive to the cuticular hydrocarbons of V.soror than A.mellifera,which might be related to the predatory and antipredator relationship formed by the two species through their long term co-evolutionary process.

关 键 词：东方蜜蜂 西方蜜蜂 黑尾胡蜂 表皮碳氢化合物 触角电位 

分 类 号：Q968.1[生物学—昆虫学] Q969.54