修饰改性棉秆介微多孔炭材料对甲醛气体的吸附性能研究  

Study on the adsorption capacity of modified cotton stalk mesoporous-microporous carbon materials for formaldehyde gas

作　　者：赵苏亚 朱发龙 何春林 朱乐乐 张琪 梁鹏举 Zhao Suya;Zhu Falong;He Chunlin;Zhu Lele;Zhang Qi;Liang Pengju(Engineering Laboratory of Chemical Resources Utilization in South Xinjiang of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps,Alar 843300;College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Tarim University,Alar 843300;Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Engineering,Education Department of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Alar 843300)

机构地区：[1]新疆生产建设兵团南疆化工资源利用工程实验室,阿拉尔843300 [2]塔里木大学化学化工学院,阿拉尔843300 [3]新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅普通高等学校现代农业工程重点实验室,阿拉尔843300

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2024年第3期282-288,共7页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：塔里木大学校长基金(TDZKSS202003);现代农业工程重点实验室开放课题(TDNG2021202);国家自然科学基金(21865027)。

摘　　要：炭材料修饰改性是提高炭基材料吸附挥发性气体能力的重要手段。首先使用KOH对棉秆基炭材料刻蚀改性,再使用碳酸钠(Na_(2)CO_(3))和亚硫酸氢钠(NaHSO_(3))进行修饰改性,研究未改性棉秆炭材料(C)、KOH改性棉秆炭材料(C_(k))以及Na_(2)CO_(3)与NaHSO_(3)改性炭材料(C_(k-s))对甲醛性能的影响,采用正交试验方法优化了棉秆介微多孔炭材料的最佳制备工艺,通过比表面积测试、扫描电子显微镜和X射线能量色散谱仪对制备的材料进行了表征。结果表明:C、C_(k)和C_(k-s)平均孔径分别为2.51nm、2.15nm和1.93nm,三者均为介微多孔炭基材料,C_(k)和C_(k-s)对甲醛去除率分别高达84.0%和86.4%,相较于未改性C(甲醛去除率24.1%)均有极大提高;C_(k-s)平均孔径、比表面积和总孔容均小于C_(k),但对甲醛去除率略高于C_(k),说明Na_(2)CO_(3)和NaHSO_(3)对低比表面积炭材料进行修饰改性具有提高其吸附甲醛的能力。C_(k)和C_(k-s)的吸附过程分别符合准一级和准二级动力学模型,为单分子层吸附,理论最大吸附量分别达3.95mg/g和5.78mg/g。The modification of carbon materials is an important means to improve the adsorption capacity of carbon-based materials for volatile gases.Cotton stalk-based carbon materials were modified by KOH etching,and then modified with Na_(2)CO_(3) and NaHSO_(3).The effects of unmodified cotton stalk-based carbon materials(C),KOH-modified cotton stalk-based carbon materials(C_(k)),and Na_(2)CO_(3) and NaHSO_(3)-modified cotton stalk-based carbon materials(C_(k-s))on the adsorption capacity of formaldehyde gas were investigated.The optimum preparation process of cotton stalk mesoporous-microporous carbon material was obtained by orthogonal experiment.The prepared materials were characterized by Brunner-Emmet-Teller measurements,scanning electron microscope and X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy.The results showed that the average pore sizes of C,C_(k) and C_(k-s) were 2.51nm,2.15nm and 1.93nm,respectively.and all three were mesoporous-microporous carbon-based materials.The formaldehyde removal rate of C_(k) and C_(k-s) were as high as 84%and 86.4%,respectively,which were greatly improved compared with that of unmodified C(formaldehyde removal rate of 24%).The average pore size,specific surface area and total pore volume of C_(k-s) were less than that of C_(k),but the formaldehyde removal rate was slightly higher than that of C_(k),indicating that the modification of low specific surface area carbon materials with Na_(2)CO_(3) and NaHSO_(3) could improve their adsorption capacity for formaldehyde.The adsorption processes of C_(k) and C_(k-s) conformed to the quasi-first-order and the quasi-second-order kinetic models,and were monomolecular layer adsorption,with theoretical maximum adsorption amounts of 3.95mg/g and 5.78mg/g,respectively.

关 键 词：棉秆 炭化活化 介微多孔炭材料 甲醛 吸附能力 

分 类 号：O69[理学—化学]