插电式混合动力汽车全生命周期环境效益评价  

Life Cycle Environmental Benefit Assessment of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles

作　　者：张春梅 ZHANG Chunmei(School of Automobile,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学汽车学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《汽车实用技术》2024年第6期34-37,共4页Automobile Applied Technology

摘　　要：插电式混合动力汽车(PHEV)是新能源汽车中的热门车型之一,为评估插电式混合动力汽车环境效益,文章采用全生命周期评价理论,选取丰田雷凌插电式混合动力汽车为研究对象,梳理其材料流和能量流清单数据,基于GaBi软件搭建生命周期评价模型,对其进行全生命周期材料资源消耗、化石能源消耗评价。评价结果表明,插电式混合动力汽车在原材料获取阶段的材料资源消耗占比最高,其中锂电池及主减速器所消耗的材料资源量最大,主要原因是在锂电池中使用了锂和较其他车身部件更多的铜等金属资源;插电式混合动力汽车在运行使用阶段的化石能源消耗占比最高,经过公称燃料与实测燃料对比可知,运行使用阶段燃料与电能的大量消耗是运行使用阶段化石能源消耗占比最高的主要原因。Plug in hybrid electric vehicle(PHEV)is one of the popular models in the field of new energy vehicles.To evaluate the environmental benefits of plug-in hybrid dectric vehicles,this article adopts the theory of full life cycle assessment and selects Toyota Lexus plug-in hybrid electric vehicles as the research object.The material flow and energy flow inventory data are sorted out,and a life cycle assessment model is built based on GaBi software to evaluate their full life cycle material resource consumption and fossil energy consumption.The evaluation results indicate that plug-in hybrid electric vehicles have the highest proportion of material resource consumption in the raw material acquisition stage,with lithium batteries and main reducers consuming the largest amount of material resources.The main reason is that lithium batteries use more metal resources such as lithium and copper than other body components;Plug in hybrid electric vehicles have the highest proportion of fossil energy consumption during operation and use.After comparing nominal fuel with measured fuel,it can be concluded that the significant consumption of fuel and electricity during operation and use is the main reason for the highest proportion of fossil energy consumption during operation and use.

关 键 词：插电式混合动力汽车 全生命周期评价 材料资源消耗 化石能源消耗 

分 类 号：U469.72[机械工程—车辆工程]