膨润土基水凝胶黏合剂的可控构筑及其对砂岩质文物的长效保护应用研究  

Controllable Fabrication of Bentonite-based Hydrogel Adhesive for High-durability Conservation of Sandstone-based Cultural Heritage

作　　者：史承钰 周莹[1] 赵纯浴 杨梢 和玲[1] 潘爱钊[1] Cheng-yu Shi;Ying Zhou;Chun-yu Zhao;Shao Yang;Ling He;Ai-zhao Pan(School of Chemistry,Xi’an Jiaotong University,Xi’an 710000)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学化学学院,西安710000

出　　处：《高分子学报》2024年第4期462-472,共11页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(基金号52172153,51873173);高端化学品及前沿新材料合肥市技术创新中心开放基金(基金号HCHC202301)资助项目。

摘　　要：将改性膨润土引入到丙烯酰胺基水凝胶体系中,通过控制组分比例、温度和反应时间等因素,成功构筑了粘接修复型膨润土基水凝胶(AR-gel)材料,并实现了对破损和断裂的砂岩文物的高效修复.AR-gel中膨润土的存在提高了其与砂岩文物之间的兼容性,展现出了极好的粘接性,且粘接修复完整的文物接缝处无明显粘接痕迹,无泛白变色现象,不影响被粘接文物的整体美观;同时,粘接过程中的溢胶,可用水轻易去除.修复过后的砂岩形貌与性能与砂岩对照样品基本一致,表明了AR-gel高粘接性能的同时,不会对砂岩基体造成二次破坏.通过严苛的冻融老化循环和盐结晶湿热循环老化试验验证了该AR-gel材料对砂岩的耐久性粘接保护,并分析了保护机理:砂岩与AR-gel间通过强氢键、Si-O-Si键、Si-O-M键、质子化和离子键、机械咬合等作用牢固结合在一起.此外,AR-gel对玻璃、金属、砂岩、陶瓷和陶器等各种材质的文物均具有极好的粘接性能.本研究工作为开发耐久性文物粘接修复保护材料提供了新方法和新思路.Hydrogels present broad application prospects in the field of conservation of cultural heritage due to their strong adhesion,high transparency,high flexibility and controllable mechanical strength.In this study,a novel bentonite-based hydrogel(AR-gel)material for efficient adhesive conservation of the damaged and fractured sandstone-based cultural heritage was fabricated via introducing functionalized bentonite into the acrylamide-based hydrogel,and the components,forming temperature and time were optimized.The bentonite-based hydrogel improved the compatibility with sandstones,and presented excellent adhesion without any obvious trace at the adhesion joints.While,the adhesive on sandstones kept primary state without white or discoloration,which further indicated its non-destructive bonding protection.In addition,the overflow during the bonding process can be easily removed with water without any trace.The morphology and properties of the repaired sandstone can keep consistent with primary sandstones,which avoid the secondary damage to the sandstones during the adhesion process.The high-durability conservation of AR-gel material on sandstone was verified by severe freezing and thawing aging cycle and salt crystallization-wet/heat cycle aging test,and the high-durability conservation mechanism was deeply analyzed:sandstone and AR-gel were firmly bonded by strong hydrogen bond,Si-O-Si bond,Si-O-M bond,protonation and ionic bond,mechanical bite,and so on.Besides,AR-gel presented excellent bonding properties for various types of cultural relics,such as glass,metal,sandstone,ceramics,and pottery.The development of this work was expected to provide a durable cultural relic bonding conservation material with wide application prospects.

关 键 词：膨润土 水凝胶 文物粘接修复 长效保护 粘接普适性 

分 类 号：TQ437[化学工程]